Research On Supply Of Public Goods Of NPOs In China

Public goods is the carrier of human public interest and the important way to meet public needs and to achieve the common interests of the community. The community-level demand for public goods and the characteristics of qualitative changes have taken place in the period of China's rapid economic development and rapid social transition, the public increasingly focus on the quality of public goods. Face a wide range of social needs, the Government single-supply appears to be some powerless, while the non-profit organizations are able to make up for the lack of supply, active and effective response to the needs of society.Supply of public goods can be divided into three main sectors:governmental organizations, businesses and nonprofit organizations. With the development of non-profit organizations, non-profit organizations gradually begin to enter the ranks of the supply of public goods and are considered as a useful complement in public goods supply in the face of government failure and market failure. Non-profit organizations are being as "a voluntary public demand", whose role is to provide a wide range of services and take a number of governments and enterprises can not be fully realized social responsibility with increasingly diverse needs of the society. And non-profit organizations have the advantages of closer to the grassroots, flexible and innovative, combining efficiency and equity and so on, which provide a subjective basis on the public with the realization of public goods. With the development of productivity, the government power to gradually return to society, non-profit organizations will continue to grow and enter more and more widely fields. Non-profit organizations'impact and role in the field of Chinese society and economy is increasingly evident. Based on the government, markets, non-profit organizations have their own characteristics and advantages in the supply of public goods, the coordination mechanism between them should be established.Indeed, as the diversity of compound development of the public demand for public goods, the supply of public goods in the evolution models have been changed, the single supply of public goods supply is being replaced by multi-subject and multi-center direction. Reference the "public man " and "moral man" hypothesis in Public Administration, this paper provides more diverse supply of public goods characteristics model. Citizens should be stressed and as the main mode of public goods supply into being, constitute "the government-the market-Society-Citizen-Multiple supply model." Main responsibilities of citizens is the expression of interest demand, the relations of government, market and non-profit organizations is division, cooperation, complementarity and partnerships, rather than replace, confrontational relations.This essay analyzes the mechanism of the non-profit organization supply of public goods on the basis of the practice of the public good and indicate each type NPO and NPO should provide different public goods, originated in the Government's NPO, from society's NPO, from society's NPO, combination of market and government-based NPO, NPO community and the Government should also be bound separately to meet different types of public interest and supply different public goods.This essay consists of seven chapters, the basic content of each chapter are as follows:Chapter 1:the introduction. This part firstly discusses the background and research purpose of this article, then cards the present status and main arguments of the research topic, At the end of this part, the research methods, ideas, structures and major innovations, shortcomings are briefly described.Chapter 2 to Chapter 4 is the core of this essay. This part of this essay conducted a theoretical analysis and practical study on non-profit organization in China's supply of public goods.Chapter 2:The basic analysis of public goods supply by nonprofit organizations. This chapter firstly defines the public goods, public goods supply, non-profit organization, the main supply of public goods and public goods provision mechanism and the other main concepts. This chapter emphasizes that the public goods is satisfying public needs. This article points out that the provision of public goods and production is very important to theory and practice. Then, according to the different supplier, the public goods supply is divided into government supply and private supply, private supply is also divided into market supply and volunteer supplies, supply, also known as the voluntary supply of volunteers, including the supply of corporate voluntary and non-profit organizations, voluntary supply two forms.The voluntary supply of public goods and the model analysis. Finally, a model of a non-profit organizations, the need for the supply of public goods; the use of economic theory and drawing on public management "public man" hypothesis, analysis of the non-profit organizations, the feasibility of the supply of public goods.Chapter 3:Mechanism and Risk of Public Goods Supply by nonprofit organizations. From the mechanism of government-profit organizations non-profit organization, analyze the multi-supply of public goods, and presents a more diverse supply of public goods characteristics model-the government-the market-Society-Civil Multiple supply model. Second, analyze the type and characteristic & path of the public goods supply mechanism. Again discusses the supply of public goods the way non-profit organizations, non-profit organization that exists direct supply of public goods and non-profit organizations, the supply of public goods, two types of indirect methods, which is the main direct supply, including the independent provision, and public sector cooperation and the market offers three specific forms of cooperation. Finally, in order to overcome the shortcomings in the supply of non-profit organizations, government should play an important role, and drawing on the model of Stiglitz and Becker, of the Government in the supply of public goods, non-profit organizations play a role in means.Chapter 4:The practical of public goods supply by non-profit organization in China. First, combined statistics of China, analyze non-profit organization development survey points out the main areas of activity and the way the supply of public goods. Secondly, from a legal status, organizational nature of the origin of the three dimensions examined the classification of non-profit organizations in China, presenting a non-profit organization's classification system in China. Third, the combination of practice in China, analyzes the supply of public goods, non-profit organization mechanism, that the public good and mutual benefit NPO.NPO should provide a different type of public goods, originated in the Government's NPO, from society's NPO, from the community NPO, market and government bound NPO, NPO of society and government should be bound separately meet the different nature of the public interest, the supply of different public goods. Finally, the study of China's supply of public goods, non-profit organizations exist in the resistance and obstacles, and analyzed the causes of resistance and obstacles for the policy recommendations made under Chapterâ…¦ready.Chapter 5:Positive analysis of Public Goods Supply in China. This chapter select the China Welfare Lottery and environmental organizations. From an empirical perspective on the supply of public goods, non-profit organization issues are discussed.Chapter 6:The practical of public goods supply by non-profit organization in developed countries. This chapter first analyze the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan, Korea and other five countries the supply of public goods, the practice of non-profit organizations to inspect the shops of non-profit organizations to promote the supply of public goods in China's development and improvement. Then compared the different features of the development of non-profit organizations:the basis for the emergence and development of different relationships with different government and different relationship with the market. Finally conclusion is drawn that the supply of developed countries, public goods, non-profit organization Experience of China and Some Implications for policy recommendations under Chapterâ…¦of the proposal to provide a reference.Chapter 7:Construct the public goods supply model in China. This chapter build diverse supply of public goods.The new pattern, strengthen the government in the supply of public goods, non-profit organizations the role of the process to "multiple interaction" to guide Chinese reform of institutions, reform and improve the legal regulation of nonprofit organizations policies and institutions, and policy proposals supporting reform measures in order to promote the supply of public goods, non-profit organizations in China's development, improve the efficiency of the supply of public goods and fairness.The main innovations of this paper are:1, Innovation visual angle. From public economics perspective, non-profit organizations in the conduct of public goods supply, mechanisms and social impact of a topic of a detailed analysis of the current academic to study this rare, even non-profit organization noted the importance of the supply of public goods, often the private supply of public goods (including market supply and voluntary supply) as research subjects. This article is realized with the complete market economic system and individual consciousness, enhanced sense of democracy, non-profit organizations in the role of public goods supply will be increasing, its status will be very prominent. This research involves a number of academic topics, the paper aims to ensure that the same research topic for different disciplines, research methods learn from each other, trying to be more convincing conclusions.2, Anlehnung the "public person", "moral man" hypothesis, put forward a more diverse supply of public goods characteristics model. The main emphasis is concerned citizens, and as the main mode of public goods supply into being, constitute "the government-the market-Society-citizens" multiple supply model. Main responsibilities of citizens demand that expression of interest, government, market, non-profit organizations based on respect for civil authority, the three interact supply. Nonprofit organizations and government relations are division of the market, cooperation, complementarity, and partnerships, rather than replace, confrontational relations.3, Most people think that the scope of the non-profit organizations should be divided into social groups, private non-enterprise units and foundations. This article stressed that China should be attributed to non-profit organization De Shiyedanwei and must be reformed and consider Caogen NPO social development in the future will play a very important role.4, Emphasize the dynamic reaseach of public goods provision surrounding technical conditions, system conditions and the changes of social conditions. The non-profit organizations in terms of the scope of supply of public goods, this non-profit organizations that can form in different ways, namely, pure public goods to meet the social, institutional public and objective public interest, the supply of different public goods.5, Integrated using the economics, public finance and public management and other related theory, expanding the scope of the study in this area, enrich the research in the field content.This paper has some deficiencies:1,Limited in the oretical analysis and discussion. As the non-profit organization in China is not sufficient, the lack of research data, so this study mainly focuses on theoretical study, while China's Public Goods Supply of practical issues has not gone far enough.2,Lacking of empirical analysis. Limited information and data limitations, this article only in respect of public goods-for-profit organizations, both voluntary supply-China Welfare Lottery Tickets and China were measured environmental NPO empirical analysis, but not on the Chinese supply of public goods, non-profit organizations to conduct a comprehensive Model and measurement analysis.3,The classification of China's non-profit organizations is not deep enough, which needs further studied and refined. Objectives of the reform of public institutions, the current theorists have not yet reached a consistent opinion, the practice of diversity is also being explored throughout the paper failed to reform institutions in China in detail, but the principles of the reform proposed by public institutions is classification reform, discrimination.