Family Background, Education, Resource Allocation And Income Distribution Gap

Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has sustained an unprecedented rapid development in the 1978-2009 period, GDP increased from 362.4 billion Yuan total to 33.5353 trillion Yuan, with an average growth rate of 9.6%, and with an average annual economic growth rate of Up to 10%over the past five years.The rapid economic development has brought people's overall income and living standards improve, but the income and consumption inequality will then follow. Since the mid-20th century,80 years, China's consumption and income inequality increased sharply between regions, between urban and rural areas, families and between individuals are in a substantial increase in inequality. According to the standard Gini coefficient, income inequality in China in 1980 rose to 0.36,0.32 in1990, and increased further to 0.42 in 2000,2009 is as high as 0.49. According to World Bank "World Development Report 2009, " according to the order from low to high, China's Gini coefficient in 120 countries and regions in the world to the first 85 to have been close to some of the serious social disintegration, economic stagnation in Latin America and African countries. Inequality is not only restricted China's domestic demand, but also may further induce and intensify social contradictions and affect social stability and long-term economic growth. Income inequality has become most concerned about the Chinese government's economic and social problems, but also the international community and the academic focus of attention.This paper studies the distribution of income disparity, mainly from the perspective of educational resources between income distribution mechanism for sustained and expanded.This is because the practice of industrialized countries show that the level of education affect individual participation in the labor market, access to different levels of employment, thereby affecting social stratification is an important variable; With China's economic restructuring and labor market gradually opening up, the rate of return to education are constantly improve and explain the income gap gradually constitute an important variable. Therefore, from the educational resources of income inequality, this is a way of considerable explanatory power. On the other hand, this paper analyzes the unequal distribution of educational resources, in particular, emphasized a family-owned political, social, cultural and economic resources, the role.This paper argues that family background through the micro and macro factors to influence the education channel configuration. One family at the micro level, in the "merit" of the model, cultural, political and social capital stock of the higher families, the sense of statistical average, the number of years of education for their children longer, the university in particular, on the probability of key universities relatively-large, this is "fair rules" under the premise of educational resources in poor and rich families of unequal allocation, the dominant mechanism for this is called discrimination education resources allocation mechanism; second is the macro level. under the new political economic theory, have a higher cultural, political and social capital may form a family interest groups affect the allocation of education resources, This paper discussed the monopoly of state-owned enterprise, has chosen the interests of the monopoly of state-owned enterprise group, because monopoly of state-owned enterprise staff and workers have a higher cultural, political and social capital, more importantly, their capacity for collective action are relatively strong, the introduction and implementation of policy has some influence. This study found that state-owned monopoly, the stronger of the provinces and the more factors will increase the relative investment of higher education; educational investment is a transfer and redistribution of social resources, due to the uneven distribution of college opportunities, higher in urban than in rural areas, high-income families above the low-income families, so the input of higher education subsidies in disguise to the more favorable family background, higher income groups to this mechanism, the paper called the hidden discrimination education resources allocation mechanism. In this double discrimination in education resources allocation mechanism, the unequal distribution of income to sustain and expand.This paper is divided into seven chapters:Chapterâ… introduction describes the background, topics of theoretical and practical significance, analysis, and innovative papers and inadequacies are illustrated, as well as the related paper defines the concept.Chapterâ…¡is literature review, systematically combed the measure of income inequality at home and abroad, to define and study the formation mechanism, in particular the unequal distribution of educational resources caused by the income gap. Moreover, the article also discusses the sort of social stratification literature, as well as its interaction and social inequality.Chapterâ…¢describes the historical changes in China's Education background, from the planning system so-called era of mass-education model into a market system of elite education mode. This historic change in the mode of education affected the awareness of people's investment in education and social stratification had a huge impact. In this chapter, the author analyzed the characteristics of two types of models, mode changes in the internal political and economic power, and its social stratification.Chapter IV, from the micro-level analysis of family background on the configuration of Education.The conversion rate used in this chapter Logistic model family cultural. political and social capital of their children access to education and the impact of years.ChapterV is from the macro-level analysis of family background on educational resources structure. This chapter focuses on the interests of the state-owned monopoly group study, using panel data fixed effects methods of state-owned monopoly structure of the educational impact of the allocation of resources.Chapter VI of the comprehensive survey of family background factors, analysis of the role of its educational resources and the impact of income distribution gap.Chapter VII is the conclusion part, the system summarizes the preceding chapters of the study and suggestions.