A Study Of Physical Deterioration Of Primary And Secondary School Students In China And Its Social Causes

This study is made due to the importance of students'healthy constitution,the seriousness and harmfulness of students'physical deterioration and the urgency of reversing its decline.The incompleteness and vagueness of the investigation results openly announced by our country, and the limitation of investigating students' physical deterioration also add to the necessity of this study,which probes into the situation of primary and secondary school students' physical deterioration and its social causes on the basis of the political, economic and educational development. Resorting to literature collection, investigation, historical documents, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, and with the help of the theories from many other subjects, this study obtains the results as follows.1. As a result of comprehensive analyses, the major indices of primary and secondary school students'constitution show the following features:l)There is a declining trend of physical quality indices and vital capacity, an index of physical function, which reflect endurance, speed, explosiveness and strength. And no sign of stopping declining,becoming better or improving can be seen;2)The detection rate of bad eyesight and overweight keeps increasing quickly year by year, with13.3%of overweight among male students in cities in2010, surpassing the safety critical point of10%announced by WHO, and over80%of bad eyesight among urban students in2010, which develops towards lower ages.2. Students'physical quality indices had a rising trend from1985to1995, and a declining trend after that. The main reasons are as follows. Firstly, the years from1985to1995had seen an economic development, improved nutrition and a relatively easy lifestyle. Secondly, schools attached importance on students'physical quality and after-school sports training, therefore, PE teachers worked enthusiastically. Thirdly, in1985, the first one-child generation entered school. They didn't experience a highly competitive exam-oriented education, so they lived under less study pressure and with more mass-sports activities. Those various factors stacked with each other, forming a positive coupling effect, which promoted the improvement of students physical fitness. However, after1995, those factors formed a negative coupling effect and caused the deterioration of students'constitution.3. The initiative of PE teachers has a positive effect on carrying out PE teaching outline, PE teaching, lowering PE safety risk and reducing students'study pressure. The PE teaching outline guides teaching and the requirement of PE teaching quality measures and encourages teachers' work,while PE safety problems and exam-oriented education affect teachers'initiative and marginalize their status in education. Those factors have a mutual influence on students'constitution and affect their physical fitness.4. The rapid economic development makes students be able to get sufficient nutrition, causing more cases of overweight and obesity, and what's more, speeding up the changing of lifestyle,and forming a fast way of life. In order to solve the conflicts between economic development and increasing population, the one-child policy is implemented, which, along with some economic policies, leads to some negative effects. Unfavorable lifestyles, unhealthy diet environment and diet ideas, and the dilemma of physical education stack with each other and increase their influence on students'constitution.5. Economic construction has achieved great results, but there is a lack of spiritual and cultural construction. The society has excess pursuit of economic benefits. As a result, people live in an environment of over stress on quick success and instant benefits.The social values, moral concepts and ideas about talent and education are distorted. In educational environment, those changes bring more pressure on students' school learning, further study and employment. In physical education management, those factors lead to an embarrassing situation:the difficulty of enforcement and no result. Therefore, students'physical quality is on a decline, forming a dilemma at present.