Xinjiang Kazakh Development Of Modern Education

Under the background of building well-off society in an all-around way and west development, the deep changes in society are occurring in Kazak people and the region of Kazak. This changes need new ideas and new behavioral pattern to match the new mode of production and life-style, which requires the education to play the role of cultural function, to shoulder the sacred responsibility of spreading new ideas and modeling modern person, and from this to promote technological development, economic revival, cultural booming and social progress. Meanwhile, during this process, it is very important to solve the problems of the development in this territory of nationality, especially the educational development, because developing national education is the important premise in continuously improve quality of ethnic minorities, developing national economy and promoting the modernization of ethnic minority areas, and also is the fundamental policy of maintaining national unity and gradually realizing the national common prosperity.Taking example by the research result of predecessors, applying the theory and method of different subjects, such as ethnology, sociology, educational anthropology, ecology of education and history, this paper wants to construct the framework of the educational development research and analysis of Kazak in Sinkiang. And through the field research of education at different school type in the region of Kazak inhabit, such as the schools in Nilka and Yili Normal university, combining current setting of educational development of Kazak and with the help of comparison of diachronic and synchronic, this paper wants to provide nichetargeting empirical basis to formulate related planning, to put forward best educational choice and to project effective strategic objective for Kazak national education. Furthermore, this research conclusions can offer somewhat references for subsequent research and educational policy and also rich and develop the educational theory and practicing system of Sinkiang.This paper will be divided into eight sections. Section one is introduction. This part expounds the following items:the purpose and significance of this subject, the research status and dynamic, the main theory and method of this paper and the research thinking; The natural and social ecological environment of Kazak's educational development in Sinkiang belongs to section two. Based on narrating the concise history, economy, society and population distribution of Kazak, drawing support from the theory of educational ecology, this section discusses the mechanism of interactions between the natural environment which the education of Kazak depends on and the development of education. and also briefly analyzed the relationship between traditional nomadic economy, life-style, nomads settled, the international migration and the social-ecological environment that Kazak's education relies on; The third section shows the Culturological environment of Kazak's educational development. Using related theories and methods of educational anthropology and ecology of education and through the religion and folk-custom of Kazak's, this section analyzes the relationship and interrelationship between the religion and folk-custom and Kazak's education; In section four, the historical review of educational development of Kazak before the founding of the new China is displayed. From the late Qing dynasty and early Republic, Sheng Shicai reign to the Kuomintang reign the three historic stage, this section reviews the main course:from education in Madras to modern education; Section five introduces the development history of Kazak's education after the founding of the new China. Reviewing the two periods of Kazak's education:From Socialist transformation and preliminary construction period to the new period of socialist construction, this section focuses on the cases of compulsory education and "two basics " work, education in pasturing area and the reform of bilingual education. In section six, one case study of education reform and development of Kazak in the new situation is introduced, for the Nilka county in Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture case. This section talks in more detail about the natural environment and economic society development of Nilka county which is the state-level poverty-stricken county, with Kazak ethnic as the main body. Through diagnosing the situation:reaching the standard of "Two basics", the development of secondary vocational education, the layout and adjustment implemented in middle and elementary schools, the preschool education from of union Han and other racial schools, the reform and development of bilingual education, it shows us the difficulty and problem of developing the education in all levels of Kazak's; Section seven takes Yili Normal university, the key position in current Kazak culture and education, as the example. Based on the history and current situation of Yili normal university, with the situation of development of regional economy and the reform of frontier basic education, it shows us the thinking and advise about:how to promote and develop Kazak's excellent traditional culture, how to train Minority high-quality talent, how to serve local economy and how to promote the educational business; Conclusion belongs to section eight. To promote and balance the compulsory in urban and rural, the following situation must be valued, such as the base installation of Kazak's education which is limited by history, nature and social economy, lacking of funds, the low totality level, the discordant development in different regions, the mismatching of software and hardware. It is very important to boost bilingual education, to narrow the gap of quality of teaching between Han schools and minority schools, to strengthen mutual understanding and sense of identity among all ethnic groups and content herdsmen's desire of getting a better education. This paper also shows that the major issue is to popularize bilingual kindergarten in farming and stockbreeding areas in the future. So all level schools, especially Yili normal university, must seize the opportunity to serve local education and economy and advance and enrich the fine cultural heritage of the nation, particularly Kazak's traditional culture.