Impact Of Change Of The School-Age Population On The Elementary Education In China: An Empirical Study

"Population and education" is a realistic topic that cannot get around in the Chinese education research, the amount, structure and its fluctuation of population ,will bring education direct and deep influence, among them the fluctuation of school age population have much more far-sighted and deeper influence to the elementary education. This research chooses the special phenomenon "Population and education" that school-age population fluctuation brings influence to the elementary education as a research object, using school-age population fluctuation as the important variable influencing elementary education development, using the predicament that the progressing of elementary education meets as dependent variable, it analyzes the characteristic of school-age population fluctuation and the factors which influence the progressing of elementary education. The thesis makes deep theoretical and empirical analysis in amount, structure and influences to elementary education of urban and rural school-age population change and presents various predicaments in the current development of elementary education caused by the fluctuation of school-age population, it also puts forward some strategies. The whole research has the following four parts:Firstly, how does the school age population fluctuate? This research uses the migration theories in demographic-push-pull theories as the basis to analyze the characteristic and the mechanism of current school age population changes. The research thinks the pull force of school age population fluctuation at present is mainly the economic factors, educational factors, reproductive cultural factors and city-policy factor in the progress, among them the economic factor is the main factor, it results in a fluctuation situation of considerably increment or decrease in school age population, together with educational factor and city policy factors in the progress. What's more, reproductive cultural factors result in sex structure fluctuation in the school-age population. Both the change of the amount and the change of sex structure in the fluctuation of school-age population produce great influence to the elementary education development.Secondly, how does the fluctuation of school-age population influence the elementary education? On the basis of identifying the total characteristics of school-age population fluctuation, it induces that the school age population fluctuation influences the development of the elementary education from the following four aspects, that is, time factor, amount factor, sexual factor and cultural factor. Time factor is the initial attribute that the population fluctuation has, it means the disorder in current school-age population changes and produces bigger impact in teaching activity; The amount factor is the most obvious factor in school-age population fluctuation; it will influence the resources installment; the sexual factor mainly means the out-of -balance sex leading by reproductive cultural factors, thus, it will influence the teaching activity; cultural factor refers to that school-age population fluctuation will arouse cultural fluctuation, it produces cultural conflicts to influence the development of elementary education at the same time.Thirdly, how does the fluctuation of the school-age population influence result of elementary educational? This research makes the countryside investigation of the anthropology and big scope statistics of the sociology as research tools, that is to say, combining together by the quality research and quantitative analysis, it analyses the sample region, depicting many difficulties that the development of elementary education meets under the school age population fluctuation. These predicaments are: the extensive existence of the city-giant school and village-mini school is the predicament of resource using; the phenomenal emergence of the generation border is a rigorous result of educational unfair problem caused by the school-age population changes; The out-of-balance sex structure of the school-age population brings many difficulties to everyday teaching activity; the differences between flowing children and native children will bring cultural collision and conflicts and make great difficulties to the flowing children themselves and the teaching management of school.Fourthly, how does the education deal with the school-age population fluctuation? According to the analysis of the above predicament, this thesis puts forward some innovative and workable strategies. Such as, to set up educational resources information management system, the city and country elementary education consideration, the balance of the sex structure of students sources and to carry out the small-class-teaching model in the village.Above all, this research announces the serious impact that the school-age population changes give to resources distribution of city and country's elementary education, and many collision and conflicts caused by flowing school age children to another region, it makes detailed analysis to the reason and result. The research combines the methods and theories of educational demographic sociology, educational psychology and social science together, the methods are innovative. The study conclusion carries certain theatrical meaning and practical values to how to effectively guarantee the compulsory education rights of school age population, carry out the city and country's educational equity and promote the positive development of progressing in our country and city.