| Chinese women's triple jump is the dominant project of our track and field sports,in the early 90's,our national excellent women'triple jump athlete Li Hui create the first world record-14.54m.At the same time,from 1988 to 1993,during this short 5 years,there are more than ten athletes jumping over 14m,then Ren Ruiping,Hang Qiuyan and Xie Limei and other excellent women's triple jump athletes appeared.Until now,our national excellent women's triple jump record is 14.90m.However,in 1996 IAAF list the triple jump into Olympic game,from that time, the level of world women's triple jump changed a lot,and the performance is also improved tremendously.And now the world women' triple jump record is 15.50m.Overview the development of chinese and worldwide women's triple jump project,but the development of our national women's triple jump is very slow,and lose the competitive strength.Therfore,we must do some whole-aspect and deeply study,and search for the restriction factor which can improve triple jump performance,and provide some theory and practice values for improving of our national women's triple jump athletes'performance.As is known to all,the terminal aim of sports training is to improve athletes'competitive ability and obtain excellent performance.Competitive ability and its system construction is the soul of sports training,is the backbone of all discipline theories such as choosing athletes,training mothed,competition and so on.The intension theory of competitive ability and its system construction and the relationship of struction is significant for sports pratice.Therefore,competitive ability is the important factor which can restric athletes'competion level and competitive ability level,we named subsidiary competitive ability in athletes'integral competitive ability which determined athletes'competitive ability level as athletes'core competitive ability. For triple jumping, the study key point is struction characteristics of forming triple jumping leading competitive ability and its relationship.This is the important for us to master the essence and rule of women's triple jumping and deeply understand the determinant and leading factor even the basic factor. This is also significance for establishing scientific training plan and perfect Chinese excellent women's triple jump athletes content system, and improve sports level of our Chinese women's triple jump athletes.This paper using literature method,expert interview method,video in the spot method,picture analysis method and data statistic method study the top eight athletes in 10th national sports and the top twelve athletes in 11th national sports on the core structure of competitive ability and the training content system, the result shows:1, In view of system theory, "the core cdompetitive ability" affecting competitive performance of triple jump athletes includes the shape, function, quality, technical and psychological factors and the relationship between them. Finding the difference in core competitive ability of elite female triple jumpers is the necessary way to improve the level of our women's triple jump and to narrow the gap with the world.2, Chinese excellent women's triple jump athletes'body shape is fit for project character of triple jump,because they are slender, proper wight, wider circumference, longer crura, longer crus, longer achilles's tendon, wider shoulder, narrow coxa,thinner ankle,higher arches of foot;In terms of body function, the white muscle fibers and ATP-CP content is a little higher, in term of nerve system flexibility, noumenon feels clear and exact;vital capacity and avoirdupois rate,quetelet and avoirdupois rate are also proper, quetelet and avoirdupois rate is relatively smaller, are basically consistent with the characteristics of triple sports requirements.3, Triple jumper to the special qualities and special ability is high-speed run-up ability and maximum speed and the absolute power and rapid. the power to the dance movements, of course, coordinated between the various jump, to reduce the level of the rate of loss the momentum of rapid jump into shape. 4, In view of the grasp and performance on technique of triple jump, our Chinese excellent women's triple jump athletes'last three steps during run-up shows rule of "small-big-small",this is the same with world excellent women's triple jump athletes'step;One-foot jump when the jump angle is small, fast-swinging leg can be a positive swing. However, the buffer relatively large amplitude, which affects the tread off the ground when the stretch effect;In the stride when jumping on a "knee" in manner. However, the take-off leg down in an instant, "pawing" action is not positive enough, resulting in greater loss of horizontal velocity. Off the ground when the swing leg swing is not active, frog stretch is not sufficient;In the jumping phase of the ground instantaneous forward angle is relatively small; weak legs are not strong enough, frog stretch do not work. However, the swing leg swing control the timing was more precise, upper and lower limb movements swinging technique was compared with the co-ordination, naturally. In addition, China's elite female triple jump except for Lin Nvai and Hu Qian using double arms swing,other athletes all using single,double arms swing.(hop,step using single arm swing,last jump using double arm swing) China's elite female triple jump athletes'rate of hop,stepjump is 38.5%:27.5%:34%.The distance shows:hop distance is long,step is short,the last jump is moderate.And most of athletes'technique is high jump type, not fit for modern tendency of women'triple jump technique.5, Psychologically, China's elite female triple jump athletes'mood before competition, success motivation, concentration, prevent disturbing and willing are all better. And their confidence and anxiety, persuit success and achievement motivation,width of concentration, stability,diligent will and determination index are all significant distinguished.
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