Research On Financial Support Of Rural Social Security

The rural social security is major part of social security system which related to the further deepening of rural reform and sustainable development of rural economy. In recent years, the government public finance has further expanded coverage in rural areas, and strengthened the responsibilities of financial supporting of rural social security. It will play an important role in narrowing gap between urban and rural areas, protect the basic rights of farmers, safeguard social fairness and harmony. Under this background, this article from different angles around the main financial support for rural social security responsibility, financial support direction of selection, optimization and other fiscal policy issues specific research on rural social security will play an important role in promoting development.In the study, this paper adopted normative research and empirical research, and it construct the financial supporting frame from the view of institutional economics, welfare economics and finance theory, and then investigate and design the operation mechanism of financial support of rural social security by comparative analysis, the qualitative and quantitative analysis, and the combine of static and dynamic analysis. This paper is divided twelve pieces. The first piece is introduction. Chapter II-IV are bascic research, including research review, theoretical basis and learn from foreign experience. Chapter V ~ VIII for the overall research, including evidence of financial support, the main responsibility to define, support options and policy direction of optimization. Chapter IX ~ XI are classified analysis, mainly study the financial supporting policies of age insurance system for rural residents, rural cooperative medical service and rural minimum life guarantee. Chapter XII conclude the whole paper and the problem remain to study further.The main conclusions of this paper are:(1) The paper discussed the significance of rural social security by welfare economics and theory of the welfare state financial support, discusses the responsibility to establish the basis for financial support by public goods theory of public finance, discusses the inevitability of the financial-led social security by interest groups and public choice theory, discusses the theory of the division of responsibility based on financial support by fiscal decentralization and fiscal federalism. Thus a rural social security financial support of the full theoretical basis is built.(2) The typical model of foreign financial support in rural social security and these country'experiences provide the important references to our country'financial support of rural social security, that is, considering our country'situation, the financial support should reflect the social and welfare of social security, and adhere to diversified financing, and the financial support should be appropriate, and reflect the otherness at the same time.(3)The financial support of current rural social security has the following problems, such as: low input, the imbalance between urban and rural, the composition is not reasonable. This paper consider that the financial resources of rural social security are squeezed out, the government'financial responsibilities are not reasonable divide, the legal restraint and supervision about government'financial supporting responsibilities is not enough. To solve these problems, this paper optimizes the actions from the fund raising of financial support, distribution, operation and supervision.(4) The main characteristics of the financial supporting subject of rural social security system are as the following aspects: at first, the government bears the responsibilities of fund raising, and the responsibilities are heavier by the government becomes superior, but the central government bears less, the local government bears more. This paper considers that during the establishment of rural social security, the central government should lead the institution, reveal all the details, keep the balance in the whole country, and supervise the social security funds, etc.(5) The development of rural social security could be divided into the unity between urban and rural and the integration between urban and rural. In the Urban and rural unified stage ,the financial support should pay attention to the development of the new age insurance system for rural residents and rural minimum life guarantee in the stage of unity of urban and rural social security, mainly protect the peasant-worker and deprived-peasant, and support the development of western and middle area; In the universal developing stage of social security, the government should promote the rural social security'overall development; In the higher development stage, the financial support should pay attention to the equalization of pubic service and cultivate the relating public service.(6) The establishment of the government'financial supporting responsibilities in the new age insurance for rural residents is useful to promote the development of institution, but the supporting responsibility'effect to different government is diverse. By measuring and calculating the relating data of the financial support of the new age insurance find that the pressure of financial subsidies to new age insurance for rural residents is not big in the beginning of the found of institution, but the farmers'enthusiasm to participate the new age insurance may influenced by the financial subsidies obviously. Therefore, this paper design the financial supporting policies of the new age insurance for peasant, that are: establish the new mode of age insurance for rural residents based on different areas, build the new financial subsidies mode by limited financial responsibilities, and explore the financial support with inspiring and leading effects.(7)The financial support of new rural cooperative medical service have three contradictions, the clear of some of the financial supporting responsibilities and some is not, the increase of financial subsidies and the short supply, the reasonable construction of capital source and the sole subject. This paper investigates the need of the financial subsidies of the establishment of institution from the view of static and dynamic state. The conclusion based on the static state is that the gap between the current subsidy and the peasant'demand is obvious, and it needs a long time to integrate the urban and rural social security. The other conclusion is that the financial support to the new rural cooperative medical service should be increased further and it will not bring pressure to government. This paper conclude the financial policies as below: the responsibilities of financial aid should be refined and cleared, the objective of financial aid should be appropriate, the directions of financial aid should pay attention to balance and development, and the capital source should be enlarged.(8)The implementation of the policies about rural minimum life guarantee increase the security ability, but it still can not satisfy impoverished people'demand, and the treatment and effects between different areas are diversity and imbalance. Based on the calculate of the standards of rural minimum life guarantee by Engel coefficient, this paper consider that our country'financial support to rural minimum life guarantee should be increase, and this paper also put forward the ways to optimize the policies of rural minimum life guarantee, that is, establish the share responsibility for rural minimum life guarantee, and the central transfer payment from the exchequer should be diversity in different area, establish the multivariant financing mechanism which is mainly from public finance, and take the institution construction ways which are based on multiple level.