Research On China's International Specialization Status Of Advanced Technology Industry

Since 1980s, the rapid development of intra-product specialization completely changed the international trade and investment patterns and ecological distribution of global value chains, particularly the international trade performance of developing countries in manufacturing and advanced technology industries (ATI) was remarkable. However, relevant empirical research has found that the explosive exports growth of developing countries (especially advanced technology products, ATP) is just an artificial "statistical illusion", it covers the "labor intensive" production-based low-end status of developing countries in ATI international specialization. Few studies have explored solving the "statistical illusion" problem based on the accurate measure of the status of ATI in the specialization, and its main driving force thus of upgrade.This paper developed a new framework to survey the international specialization status of a country's ATI using a refined non-competitive input-output model to solve the "statistical illusion" problem, then used the approach empirically measured China's international specialization status of ATI and its regional disparities, and used the method of market power estimation to further verify its reliability; followed by attempts to construct a framework in analyzing the key factor which affects the upgrade of developing countries international specialization status of ATI, and with the empirical test by using China and other developing countries dates; after that, modeling the interaction of technology upgrading and self-absorption capacity of developing countries, to analyze the route of its technical "leapfrogging" type progress. Finally, take the Pinghu electromechanical industry clusters and high-speed rail technology import as cases, to analyze upgrade process of China ATI international specialization status. The studies show that:The "weighted value added-productivity" index can accurately measure the conditions of ATI international specialization under intra-product specialization. Chapter 3 using a non-competitive input-output tables which distinguish advanced technology industry and traditional industries, to calculate the domestic value added (DVA) ratio of ATP exports and the efficiency value creation, then got the "weighted value added-productivity" index. Using this index the can solve the "statistical illusion" problem and accurate measure ATI international specialization status by multi-period and cross-country comparison, and to analyze its intertemporal changes in conditions. This method makes up the shortage of traditional methods in solving the "statistics illusion" problem.China's high-tech industry in the international division status improved rapidly, but there is still a giant gap compared with developed countries. In chapter 4 the empirical study using "weighted value added-productivity" index shows that ATI international specialization status ranking of China among 25 countries and regions from 16th in 1995, rose to 10th in 2005, mainly due to faster labor productivity progress than DVA rate decline. However, but there still was a large gap between China and major developed countries in the view of absolute value of the index, the traditional statistical method overestimated the ATI international specialization status of China greatly; ATI international specialization status are quite different in various regions among China, obviously eastern was ahead of central and western regions; and the reliability of new method was corroborated international market estimation.The key factor in upgrading of the ATI international specialization status in developing countries is its domestic technical progress. Chapter 5 and 6 based on new measure methods, Value Added and the export sector from the domestic labor productivity in comparison to start, try to build a model to analyze the mechanism of how developing countries ATI international specialization status was affected by its domestic technology progress, physical capital and human capital investment, and empirical test results show that rather than dependent on FDI spillover effects, developing countries should focus on technology progress human capital and physical capital accumulation to enhance its ATI international specialization status. China should pay more attention to the domestic market-oriented R&D investment and capital utilization efficiency raising and the cultivation of human capital.The feasible path of upgrade of ATI international specialization status in developing countries is through the absorption of advanced technology to improve the capability of independent innovation, which is technology "leapfrogging." Chapter 7 taken technology transfer, absorptive capacity and the accumulation of technology in developing countries into account in modal analysis, the analysis shows that even the transfer of industries from developed countries was limited, developing countries still could to improve the level of development by learning and independent research through technology investment, even break the monopoly of developed countries' technological limitations to achieve leapfrogging.FDI played a irreplaceable role in the start-up phase of China's ATI "embed" in the global value and production chains, while the introduction of technology need a sound response strategy. Chapter 8 Pinghu case study showed the typically process of eastern region even the whole China ATI embedded in the global production chain: seize the opportunity of multinational companies of developed countries transfer their production base to China, the government promoted the introduction of foreign and local companies by providing support for the foreign-funded enterprises, thus promoting the follow-up and innovation of local enterprises by accumulated capital, technology and management experience, then the industrial clusters grow was promoted; And high-speed rail case show that China's vast market and the formation of strategic buyers could been the important bargaining chip in introduction of technology. Moreover, the re-innovation based on introduced core technology is the inevitable choice of domestic technology promotion and "leapfrogging" development.