Study Of The Historical Changes Of The Urban And Rural Economic Relations

In recent years, China's urban and rural economic and social development while the overall outstanding achievements, but by the economic laws of their own role and the impact of lagging reforms, of which there are still many difficulties, problems and disharmony between. At present, the urban and rural economic and social development is the main problems facing the urban-rural dual economic structure caused by the deep structural contradictions are still prominent, specific performance: agricultural base is still weak; rural development is still lagging behind; peasants increasing income is still difficult. In order to solve problems of urban-rural dual economic structure, the smooth realization of the grand goal of economic integration of urban and rural areas, theorists have the responsibility to explore the new situation, the evolution of urban-rural dual economic structure and transformation of the internal law of the new ways of thinking in order to deepen the on the basis of understanding for the development of relevant subjects, provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of policy.In this article, the structural relationship between the urban and rural economy which also could be called the urban-rural dual economic evolution, is the basic studying object. First, from the perspective of the evolution of division of labor organizations, in theory, reveal the process of urbanization and urban-rural dual economic evolution of the economic incentives and the internal mechanism and the formation of a new urban-rural dual economic analysis framework. Second, under the guidance of the relevant theory, the use of new analytical framework for the specific study of each historical period of China's urban and rural characteristics and evolution of economic relations, law and based on the theory test the applicability of the experience. Finally, theoretical analysis and historical experience studies on the transformation of China's urban-rural dual economic trends made the judgments.Through theoretical analysis and historical changes of urban-rural dual economic experience of investigation, we draw the following basic conclusions:first, to enhance trading efficiency facilitated the expansion of social division of labor, and promote the professional level, the aggregation of producers in the region, So that separation occurs urban and rural economy, to the rise and development of the city. In general, urban areas in the economy with high transaction efficiency characteristics, determine its relatively high level of division of labor, between urban and rural economic efficiency of such transactions and the division of the uneven levels of development, leading to the formation of urban-rural dual economic structure And strengthen the underlying causes. Second, in urban and rural areas have different levels of transaction efficiency and the division of The evolution under the influence of urban-rural income gap in China and even the degree of urban-rural dual economic opposition, will show the first expansion after the evolution of the convergence trend, which increases with transaction efficiency The level of urbanization will continue to be enhanced, while the extent of urban and rural dual economic confrontation will appear in the long term "inverted U " changes in trend. Third, developing countries in order to eliminate the dual economic contrast, the need to promote trade efficiency, especially in rural increasing transaction efficiency, in order to accelerate the evolution speed of the division of the rural economy and narrow the urban-rural economic gap between the level of the division of labor, and ultimately through the realization of Balance between urban and rural division of labor to complete and achieve the goal of economic integration of urban and rural.The innovation of this paper as follows:First, build a new theoretical framework of the evolution of urban and rural dual economic process and its inherent laws. The past, scholars examine urban and rural economy, more traditional dual economy based on the theory of the dual economic structure from the start given the current situation by means of analysis and transformation, the general lack of urban-rural dual structure, origin, evolution and history comprehensive understanding of the internal mechanism. In response to this defect, this breakthrough time limit, a comprehensive analysis of the historical changes the relationship between urban and rural economy, it is not only limited to China since the founding of the current as well as the relationship between urban and rural economy, but with the new in a theoretical framework to broader context of systematic historical study, the focus is to explore the long-term changes in economic relations between urban and rural areas and influencing factors such important issues, covering the wide range to study the long time span, in the present study findings are still relevant is a first.Secondly, according to the logic of division of labor and transaction efficiency of the main line of the urban and rural dual economic analysis of the evolution process, the paper presents the planned economic system, although to a certain extent and scope to promote the division of labor, but compared with the market economy, and its inherent institutional deficiencies determined that it is difficult to continue to effectively promote the social division of the evolution toward a higher level judgments. In fact, the planned economic system, one can indeed save some transaction costs and improve transaction efficiency, such as it can effectively reduce the search costs and compliance costs, thereby contributing to expansion of the division of labor; but on the other hand, with the division to enhance the level of the system itself will continue to birth a greater endogenous transaction costs, making the whole society is difficult to further improve transaction efficiency, ultimately, would greatly hinder the continuing evolution of social division of labor.Finally, from the perspective of the division proposed and validated on the new trend of urban-rural economic transformation of the hypothesis. In the urban and rural areas have different levels of transaction efficiency and the division of The evolution under the influence of urban-rural income gap in China and even the degree of urban-rural dual economic opposition, will show the first expansion after the evolution trend of convergence, namely with the increase in transaction efficiency, urbanization level will continue to be enhanced, while the extent of urban and rural dual economic confrontation will appear in the long term "inverted U" changes in trend.