The Evolution Of Urban-rural Economic Relationship Theories:from Mao Zedong To Xi Jinping

The economic power of China has improved enormously through the efforts, since the establishment of People’s Republic of China, especially since China’s reform and opening up. And the economic aggregate of China ranks the second in the world. But the economic development is extremely imbalanced and it shows up that the economic gap between countryside and city is widening. This gap is rarely seen in the world and it is the most prominent problem in Completing the building of moderately prosperous society in all respects, which has been nearly beyond what the society can bear. As the state leader pointed out in the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC (the Communist Party of China) Central Committee, the existing urban-rural dual structure is a main obstacle to integrated development. That means it is urgent to eliminate the urban-rural dual structure. Only by knowing the problems, can we find effective ways to solve problems. When we put the evolution of urban-rural economic relationship into the history of New China economic development for consideration, we can find that the urban-rural economic relationship theories of the central leaders of CPC have significant impacts on urban-rural economic relationship. Therefore, this paper mainly makes a research on the urban-rural economic relationship theories of the central leaders of CPC and their influence on Chinese urban-rural economic relationship. It aims to find the main factors that determine the development trend of Chinese urban-rural economic relationship, and to provide worthy references for drawing up scientific and reasonable policy systems to promote the process of urban-rural integration.Based on the urban-rural relations theory of Marx, this paper makes an analyze on the forming background, theoretical renovation, historical influence, inheritance and development of urban-rural economic relationship theories of five central leaders of CPC from the vertical and parallel dimension and by four parts, that is production, exchange, distribution and consumption. From Mao Zedong to Xi Jinping, five central leaders of CPC explored that how to achieve a faster and better development of Chinese urban-rural economy theoretically and practically. They have pushed the urban-rural relationship theory of Marx and formed prolific socialist urban-rural economic relationship theories with Chinese characteristics. These theories share the same source and have succession relations with each other. The former made foundation for the latter. And since the historical background was different, the latter developed further on the basis of the former, therefore different emphasis were formed.By analyzing the historical evolution process of urban-rural economic relationship theories of the central leaders of CPC and their influence on Chinese urban-rural economic relationship, we can find that the existing urban-rural dual economic structure is not only the result of different development of industrial division of countryside and city, but also the outcome of the urban-rural dual structure system and mechanism. The urban-rural dual structure system and mechanism was an institutional arrangement which adapted to the strategy of placing heavy industry as the priority of development. It is age-old and deep-rooted. If we want to eliminate the urban-rural dual economic structure and to form a new economic relation between industry and agriculture, city and country in which industry and agriculture are reciprocal and city and countryside are integrated, we should insist on putting people at the center, depend on deepening reform and opening up comprehensively, to build a healthy urban-rural integration system and mechanism, to give peasants the same development rights as citizens, to form the element markets that unify urban and rural areas, to bring interactive mechanisms between industry and agriculture, city and countryside, market and government into play fully.