The Research On The Rural Migrant Workers' Employment Status And Influence Factors

Rural migrant workers as a special group emerge in China's economic reform and institution change. With the rapid growth in the number of migrant workers, they have become an indispensable force during the period of China's Reform and Opening up as well as industrialization construction. The conclusion can be drawn that migrant workers have played an important role in economic construction from the enhancement of urbanization level to the sharp development of the tertiary industry. However, the employment issue has been raised prominently as a result of the growing rural migrant workers. They have more influence on China's economic development with the quantity of employment in different occupations. To some extent, the employment issue of migrant workers is related to not only the economic continuous development but also the social harmony and stability. Therefore, it has been the focus of concern by the government and scholars.At present, migrant workers encounter more difficulties in going out for a job due to their special identity, so that they have been blocked from working in urban areas. When migrant workers have been hurt in feeling, their work impetus has been weakened. These factors lead to the labor shortage in recent years. It is significant that more researches should concentrate on the employment situation of rural migrant workers and resolve their employment difficulties for the acceleration of China's urbanization as well as promoting the rapid and stable development of social economy.The paper analyses the scale of variation trends, structure of migrant workers and their employment status from different angles on the basis of latest data research on rural migrant workers, investigating the migrant workers of building industry in Changchun City. The research basically presents the difficulties rural immigrant workers have in employment, deeply explores the employment constraints and then provides data for the government policy-making on rural immigrant workers' employment.Three parts of the paper:Part 1 is the part of basic research, including Chapter 1 and Chapter 2. Chapter 1 mainly introduces and illustrates the significance of the selected topic, original data, and structure of paper, research methods and novelty in the paper. Besides, the paper also defines rural immigrant workers, employment, surplus rural laborers transfer and the labor shortage. Chapter 2 as the basic theory part will conclude and explain the famous employment theory and work force transfer theory, which lays a solid foundation for the following chapters.Part 2 is the core of the paper elaborating from Chapter 3 to Chapter 7. Chapter 3 analyses and explains the reason why the migrant workers appear and their contribution to the economic development in different angles. Chapter 4 is on the analysis of the amount and structure of the migrant workers. The author does the quantitive analysis on the number of migrant workers through the research of latest Statistics Yearbook and survey data. The quantitive analysis develops from the age structure and gender structure, and the author also analyses and compares the qualities of different ages and genders. Chapter 5 thoroughly deals with migrant workers'distribution, opportunity, condition and income. Chapter 6 discusses the existent issues in terms of working condition, employment security and treatment; and Chapter 7 explores the factors in restricting employment from the systems, economy growth and migrant workers'self-conditions.Part 3 is the conclusion and strategy section of paper. Chapter 8 analyses the migrant workers'employment status, existent problems and constraints, proposes to establish a labor market of urban and rural equality and unity, and provides the employment strategy of rural migrant workers in terms of building a social security system. The conclusion is on the research and analysis in terms of the amount of rural immigrant workers, employment distribution and existing problems.Through the research on the rural migrant workers'employment, the paper presents the following conclusion. The number of rural migrant workers has been continuously increasing since 1990s due to surplus rural laborers, although the amount of work force in rural areas decreases steadily. So working in cities has become a vital way of the surplus rural laborers transfer. The amount of rural migrant workers will still increase in a certain period with more surplus rural laborers. Some problems still exist for the rural migrant workers, such as bad work condition, low level employment, weak employment stability, more costs in hunting jobs, less labor welfare and lacking employment security. The employment constraints on rural migrant workers are illustrated in the following aspects: China's system of household register, employment and land, more work force supply, imbalance in development of regional economy, the employment structure and low cultural quality of rural migrant workers.