Research On The Investment And Efficiency Of Anti-poverty Capital In Gansu Rural Area Based On The Sustainable Livelihood

Rural poverty reduction in China has made remarkable achievements after years of fighting against poverty. Funds play an important role in the development of the promotion of rural poverty alleviation. At present, the rural poverty has a trend which spreads to the Midwest, vulnerable natural areas. As poverty reduction and alleviation are more difficult and marginal utility of funding is diminishing, it's quite important that how to improve capital efficiency in poor areas, how to use the limited resources in the process of poverty alleviation and how to realize sustainable development of the poor during cultivating the poverty. In fact, poverty alleviation and development capacity is closely related to capital they owned and the livelihood approach they chose. It has more important research significance to improve the existing fund system and explore more effective sustainable livelihoods model of poor farmers with the use of sustainable livelihood framework of poverty alleviation. As China's highest proportion of the rural poor, one of the most poverty provinces, this article selected Gansu as the research object which aims at improving the funding, operation and means of the sustainable livelihoods of poor farmers.Firstly, this article analyzes the investment in rural poverty reduction and efficiency in the use of fund in Gansu Province. Based on the review of poverty alleviation funds in Gansu Province, it analyzes directions of investment of fund to the rural poverty alleviation and the demand of poverty reduction; Meanwhile it points out the problems existed under this process through analyzing the efficiency of capital use among the relationship of project implementation, capital investment and household income. The results show that:current way of directing anti-poverty funds in Gansu Province doesn't match the practical needs of farmers, the poverty alleviation funds which helped farmers get out of poverty and increase the income are unsatisfactory.Secondly, with the sustainable livelihoods analysis as framework, the comprehensive, scientific, and maneuverability as the comparability principle, using a combination methods of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis to select indicators, and the characteristics of the livelihoods of farmers in poor areas, it tries to construct evaluation index system of sustainable livelihoods for farmers in poor areas.Thirdly, taking Tianshui area for example, through interviews with key informants, group interviews and household surveys and other research methods, this article conducts a questionnaire survey to 8 towns in the region of 17 villages of 170 households, and obtained 155 valid questionnaires. With the original data and statistics, it uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), comprehensive index, constitute sources of income and livelihood diversification index analysis method to measure livelihood strategies of capital and quantitative analysis to reveal the living conditions of rural households. The results show that:there are five livelihoods capital of rural households, the higher value natural capital is, the smaller social capital value in the region is. The help farmers obtain from the outside is very limited; the higher the living capital value in areas is, the higher farmers'livelihood diversification index is.Finally, a further method is evaluated on the influences that livelihood of farmers and livelihood strategies affected by different investment of funds through regulating the fluctuation of capital investment while using the Logit models to analyze the relationship between livelihood strategies and livelihood of quantitative. The results show that:the change of funding directions can improve livelihoods of farmers to a certain extent under the same capital volume. Thereafter, human capital investment will enhance household livelihood which is the most effective; human capital value changes on selected non-agricultural livelihood strategies households is most affected, natural capital and financial capital in the next place while physical capital and social capital on the livelihood strategies select have no significant influence.Based on the study above, the paper finally proposes the following policy recommendations: anti-poverty funds as a scarce resource, should be used to invest in the needs of farmers and micro-level, capacity building and sustainable poverty reduction; we should use economic instruments, legal instruments and administrative measures together to promote the rural poverty alleviation project funds and the management of the operation which will enhance the economic development in poor areas safely and efficiently.