Enviornmental Evaluation Of Urban Livability Of Changchun Based On GIS And Remote Sensing

Urban livability is the balanced developments of a city in economy, society, culture, environment and a good inhabitable environment meets the needs of the residents in material and spiritual life and is suitable for human living, working and living. Changchun, the capital and the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of Jilin Province, has developed rapidly since 1980s. However, the city hustle, traffic jams, environmental pollution and a series of urban problems have occurred with the great achievements in economic growth. Under this social environment, construction of urban livability is particularly necessary and urgent. The evaluation of urban livability in this dissertation is conducted by taking GIS and Remote Sensing as technical means to extract the factors of urban livability and establish the index model of the evaluation, the combination of Mean Variance and Principle Component Analysis as the method to determine the index weights of the factors, and the combination of Multi-objective Linear Weighting Function and Comprehensive Comparison to evaluate the livable degree. The coupling analysis with subjective satisfaction of the inhabitants from questionnaire is also conducted in the dissertation.The contents of the research included in this dissertation are as follows:1. With the help of GIS and Remote Sensing techniques, the multi-source, multi-form and multi-scale basic data sources are integrated and fused synthetically and the major factors of urban livability are extracted by Raster Data Method, Spatial Interpolation, Window Analysis to establish the spatial database of the factors.2. Based on the summarization of evaluation theories and methods from home and abroad, the index system of livability evaluation consisting of the target layer, rule layer, factor layer, indicator layer is established and the index weights are determined by the combination of Mean Variance and Principle Component Analysis to avoid the influence of human factors. By the combination of Multi-objective Linear Weighting Function and Comprehensive Comparison, the quantitative values of the indicators are obtained, and the evaluation analysises of the natural environmental conditions, humanistic environmental conditions and the overall livability of the study area are conducted.3. In the evaluation and analysis of the urban livability, grid cells are taken as the basic units of modeling and analysis. Taking into account the amount and the accuracy of the raster data, the optimum grid cell size of 100m×100m is determined by mathematical analysis.4. Qualitative index values obtained by the resident satisfaction questionnaire of the urban livability are quantified by mathematical method and the index weights are determined by PC A to evaluate the subjective satisfaction scores of convenience, amenity, health and safety indicators. The multiple regression analysis with the corresponding indicators of the humanistic environment is conducted to obtain the strong or weak influence and its magnitude. The aspects of high attention, priority improvement, domination maintenance and no consequence are also fixed on.5. The 30552 grids of the study area are divided intoⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳgrade of the livable regions according to the overall livable degrees of the each grid cell and the 46 streets are divided into the primary, secondary, third, fourth-level areas according to livable satisfaction scores of the streets. The impacts of the objective livability conditions on the resident satisfaction are summarized by the coupling analysis between the objective livable degrees taking grid cells as units and the subjective livability evaluation taking the streets as units.By using GIS and Remote Sensing technique, multi-scale data sources, spatial analysis and visualization methods are provided to the evaluation of urban livability. The peculiarity and innovation of this dissertation lie in:1. The multi-source data are integrated and fused synthetically with the help of GIS and Remote Sensing techniques and the spatial indicator database of livability evaluation based on the pixels is established by the Raster Data Method, Spatial Interpolation and Window Analysis. The issues of the social statistics that are not able to match the spatial location accurately and difficult to update real-timely can be better resolved. Compared with the previous studies, the spatial patterns of the livability of the higher resolution and visual expression of regional differences can be realized in this dissertation. 2. The index weights of the indicator system are determined by the combination of Mean Variance and Principle Component Analysis and the evaluation model of multi-elements and comprehensive quantization is established. Methods of the Principal Component Regression Analysis, Multiple Objective Linear Weighting Functions, Coupling Analysis are used to provide the quantitative references of urban livability construction by the integration of social investigation data and the background data of the urban environment.