Research On Enterprises'R&d Strategy Behavior Under The Condition Of Knowledge Spillovers

Technical innovation has become the dominant power of current economicdevelopment and social progress. It is the decisive factor in representing thecomprehensive competitiveness of a country and the engine of the enterprises'development. R&D (research and development) investment determines the success oftechnical innovation. R&D intensity has been listed as an important index in the worldmeasuring the technical innovation ability of enterprises. In the complex environment ofmarket, network information and competition, konwledge flow and knowledge spilloverare the foundamental means by which the innovative subjects interact with each other. If,through the study of R&D strategy behavior under the condition of knowledge spillover,some optimal R&D strategies could be found for technical innovation enterprises indifferent environments , the enterprises R&D activities could be provided with theoreticalguidance, which will help the enterprises to improve their R&D levels and techinicalinnovation ability and to enhance their core competitiveness.R&D activities are the core of enterprise technical innovation. Under the conditionof knowledge spillover, enterprise's R&D activity is not only affected by the uncertaintyof innonvation successful time in market environment, the different R&D approaches(cooperative R&D or noncooperative R&D) between enterprises, but also the macropolicyof government, including the R&D subsidy, taxes and restraint of environment. How theenterprises make the optimal R&D strategic decision is the priority of this research. Thedissertation has constructed the R&D theoretical model under the condition of knowledgespillover and analysed the influences of factors like knowledge spillover, absorptivecapacity and public policies of government on the enterprise R&D strategic decisionbehavior under different R&D approaches. The contributions of this dissertation areshown as follows:Firstly, by constructing an econometric model, an analysis is made on the mainfactors influential to enterprise R&D based on the China's new high-tech industry paneldata from 2000 to 2010. The parameter estimation results show that the most influencial factor to R&D investment is spillover, followed by absorptive capacity, profit and R&Dsubsidy, with the influence of the first two having exceeded the profit.Secondly, a R&D strategy model is studied from the perspective of absorptivecapacity, with the stress on the relationship between enterprises on absorptive capacity,output level and R&D investment. Through theoretical study and numerical analysis, it isfound that under the non-cooperative R&D, single enterprise's optimal absorptive capacityis related to the level of its spillover; enterprise with less absorptive capacity are trapped inthe"prisoner's dilemma"in R&D investment. Under the cooperative R&D, however, theprofit and the R&D investment of enterprise are higher than that of the non-cooperative;moreover, the cooperative R&D internalizes the effect of"free rider".Thirdly, researching on the R&D strategy under the uncertainty of the innovationsuccessful time, this dissertation focuses on the analysis of the asymmetric R&Dinvestment, finding that the enterprises have no incentive to invest on R&D unless theR&D investment has an upper limit. The following study between RJV and R&D Cartelshows that no enterprise wants to choose cooperative R&D in asymmetric R&Dinvestment, but in symmetric R&D investment enterprise opts for cooperative R&D.Especially, the enterprise opts for an RJV if and only if the benefit of forming an RJVexceeds its cost.Fourthly, a R&D strategy model with pollution abatement is proposed in thedissertation, discussing how the enterprises and government, with the view ofprofit-maximization and environmental protection respectively, adjust their optimal R&Dand subsidy strategy. Some useful results are obtained as follows: the R&D subsidy canimprove the R&D investment, increase profit and output level of the private enterprises;the R&D subsidy provided by government can keep the enterprises encouraged andmotivated in R&D investment, instead of causing the repulsion effect.Fifthly, the coexistence of private enterprises and public enterprises is thecharacteristic of socialist marketing economy, and the influence of R&D subsidy to R&Dinvestment is studied in mixed duopoly Markets. The results obtained are as follows: boththe government's optimal R&D subsidy and the investment relationships between theprivate enterprise and the public enterprise are associated with the spillover level. The R&D subsidy can eliminate the effect of"free-rider"by improving the R&D investment ofthe private enterprises.Finally, an empirical analysis on the communication equipment manufacture industryis made by applying the theoretical model in this dissertation, and some R&D strategiesand policy advices are put forward. It is found in the analysis that enterprises in thecommunication equipment manufacture industry still have room for further improvementon R&D investment, since there has been no sign of R&D investment excess yet; thecooperative R&D can greatly improve the R&D investment level—twice that in thecondition of noncooperative R&D; the R&D subsidy is seriously insufficient in thecommunication equipment manufacture industry, which directly restricts the enterprises'R&D investment. Government, therefore, need to increase the R&D subsidy in thatindustry.