The Impact Of Endogenous Knowledge Spillovers On Open Innovation Cooperation Modes Selection Of Enterprises

In recent years,companies look for new market opportunities constantly even though they already have mature business models.This self-revolutionary innovation has become quite important in the era of the increasingly fierce competition.Internal innovation which is established on enterprise's existing knowledge base has been unable to meet the demand of development.To increase the accumulation of knowledge,speed up the pace of innovation,enterprises need to break their boundaries and choose open innovation instead of closed innovation.However,the function of independent study to get approach to external knowledge in promoting innovation ability is relatively constrained.In addition,the process form initiating innovations within the enterprise to successful creating a product and putting into commerce is quite difficult,and any part of the whole process possibly has problems that cause losses.Many companies are unable to bear such a high innovation risk alone.Therefore,selecting the matching mode of cooperation with right partners to efficiently create a technical innovation and minimize risks and costs of innovation has become a primary choice for modern enterprise.This paper mainly studied the behavior of corporate decision-making on cooperation modes of open innovation from the perspective of endogenous knowledge spillovers,by the use of literatures reviewing,evolutionary game and simulation methods.This article first concluded and summarized theories and current status of three aspects including open innovation,modes selection of collaborative innovation and endogenous knowledge spillovers,and pointed out the issue of studying from the effect of endogenous knowledge spillovers on innovation income back to previous cooperation modes selection of open innovation is worthy to be further discussed.Secondly,the theoretical analysis of the effect of endogenous knowledge spillovers on open innovation cooperation modes selection,has made clear of the connotations of open innovation and its cooperation mode,and pointed out the ways of cooperation in open innovation had a diversity of participating subjects and special advantages in concrete implementation,such as efficiency,stability,resources sharing,costs allocating,risks sharing or risks transferring.This paper starting from different motivations of cooperation treated technology-sharing alliance and cost-allocating alliance as two main types of cooperative innovation modes.After the analysis of concepts and features of endogenous knowledge spillovers,this study constructed a model of open innovation cooperation modes selection based on endogenous knowledge spillovers.Thirdly,in the construction of game model of open innovation cooperation modes selection,based on assumptions of companies with bounded rationality,combined with research results from other scholars,this paper analyzed game payoffs of technology-sharing alliance and cost-allocating alliance,simulated group decision behavior of open innovation cooperation modes selection by using evolutionary game theory,and theoretically worked out the group-forming evolvement tendencies according to binary choices.Finally,according to the numerical simulation results by Matlab,this article analyzed changing process and steady state of open innovation cooperation modes selection,discussed the impact of different initial enterprise scales on the result of evolution and the effect of endogenous knowledge spillovers on expected returns of two kinds of innovation cooperation modes and group strategies tendencies.This research has shown that different initial scales of enterprises choosing specific modes had no effect on the result of evolution;endogenous knowledge spillovers had a positive effect on expected innovation return of technology-sharing alliance,which caused that the increasing of endogenous knowledge spillovers would make enterprises prefer technology-sharing alliance,but the promotion in innovation payoffs by endogenous knowledge spillovers is limited.These results can provide theory references for corporate technological innovation,cooperation deepening and government policy-making.