Study On New China's Agricultural Real Estate Right System Changes

The problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers are the basic problems for Chinese society to develop and to keep steady. It was proposed at the Third Plenary session of the 15 Central Committee of the party that "The problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers are significant for China's reform and opening policy and modernized construction. Without rural stability, there is no stability of the whole country. Without farmer' s well-to-do level, there is not the. whole national well-to-do level, Without agricultural modernization, there is no national economic modernization." Jiang Zemin pointed out, in the report of the 16th parliament of the CPC, that we want to construct a high-level well-off society with over 1 billion population. To achieve the blueprint, we have to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which have the farmland system as the key problem. So the problem of farmland is very critical to China's development and stability.The history of New China's rural social economic development is a process of the changes of agricultural real estate right systems from land reform to household contract responsibility system. An agricultural real estate right system from privately owned and individual managed to privately owned and managing collectively, then collectively owned and managed, and finally, collectively owned and family managed. Both experiences and lessons of the system change have great influence on agricultural production and the development of rural economy.The steady growth of China's economy in the post two decades benefited from the development of rural social economy, which was attributed to the innovation and efficient change of agricultural real estate system. At present, China's rural economy is developing steady, but we can find some serious problems existing in the development of agricultural real estate system. Limited farmland and increasing population become intense conflict, and excessive agricultural population and loose management of farmland confined the agricultural productivity, unreasonable exploitation of natural resources and destruction of the elements worsen the ecological environment and reduce the farmland fast. The inborn weakness and causes the decrease of land productivity and stagnation of agricultural production. So, current farmland system needs further innovation on the condition of keeping household contract responsibility systemsThe research takes New System Economics, Land Resource Economics, Property Right Economics, Information Economics, Agricultural Economics as the basic theories, and adopts such methods as norm analysis, case analysis, stagnant analysis and dynamic analysis, system analysis and game theory. This dissertation, based on relevant property right theories and change theories, traces back to the change history of China's agricultural real estate systems, and investigates thechange, arrangement and performance agricultural real estate right system at different phases. It explains the system change from economics and laws, and analyses the shortcoming of current household contract responsibility system. At last, it proves the trend of agricultural real estate system innovation, and studies the top topic-taking over the land for use system.This dissertation has following development and innovation: It analyses the reasons of existence and disappearing for junior communes and senior communes as an organization with the entrust-acting theory, and analyses the interaction between farmers and economic organization. It analyses the factors of farmland adjustment with examples, and draws the conclusion that it's hard to abolish farmland adjustment in short period, It summarizes the wrong idea of multi-system of taking over the land for use, and points out a specific clue.Frankly, it's hard to analyses the history and reality of China's agricultural real estate right system change with the theory of system economic. On one hand, The theory of China's farmland system change is so profound that any conclusion appears shallow. On the other hand, too much research made by others and the author's limited knowledge make it hard to innovate the theory. However, it is still very significant to investigate the history of farmland system change and analyses it's present performance, to summarize the general and special property of China's farmland system changes, to explain and explore the developing direction of China's farmland system changes.