A Study Of Technological Progress Effects Through International Trade Of China

In 21st century, the technological progress has already become the key competitiveness of an economy all over the world. The improvement of the technology level mainly comes from the domestic technology innovation (R&D activity) and the usage of various kinds of technology diffusion channel to study, absorb and imitate to advanced knowledge. The technology progress is an important factor of the economic growth of the world, but any country can not totally rely on one's own strength to carry on all scientific and technical innovation. With the economic globalization is accelerated day by day, international trade, as one of the main channels transmitted and spread international technology, has not merely realized the .rapid growth of quantity, and its meaning is expanding constantly. The development of international trade has not only offered the sufficient fund which has been carried on technology innovation for developed country, but also provided the opportunities of studying advanced technology for developing country. Owing to the developing countries have the fund and technological restrict, it is a shortcut to shorten the technological disparity between the developed countries through international trade with various countries. Especially, after introducing foreign advanced technology or products, developing countries can carry on effective study and imitation then improve, thus realize the independent technology innovation. China has made the gigantic achievement of the economic construction over the past 20 years, but compared with developed countries, the whole technological level is not high. On one hand, as a developing country, the R&D funds and ability relative deficient in China, therefore the domestic independent technology innovation is not enough; On the other hand, though China has already ranked among three major trade countries of the world, the growth way of trade is the quantitative growth basically, and the development of service trade and technological trade lag behind relatively. So, under such macroeconomic environments as the global economic integration, accession to the WTO of China, etc., it seems particularly important to absorb, get and utilize technology diffusion effectively through international trade. This dissertation has carried on the detailed discussion to the theory relation among technology innovation, technology diffusion and international trade on the basis of a large number of relevant documents, and has done an empirical study of China. Firstly, this dissertation has explored the background, purpose and problem and defined the concept of technology innovation and technology diffusion. Then it has survey the relevant research of the technology innovation, technology diffusion and international trade, and introduced the recent theory development of technology diffusion especially. Chapter Two of this dissertation has proposed a theory analysis frame include technology innovation, technology diffusion and international trade. Among them it successively discussed the development orbit of the international trade theory, the theory contact of technology innovation and international trade, the technology diffusion effect on the basis of international trade, the main influencing factor of the technology progress effect of international trade. After the above theory has been analyzed, Chapter Three and Four have carried on the empirical study of China. On the basis of the current situation of China's technology innovation and foreign trade, this dissertation has investigated technology innovation and diffusion through foreign trade in detail. And with the angles such as import, export, trade structure, intra-industry trade, etc. we have investigated the technology diffusion effect through foreign trade especially. Finally, this dissertation has analyzed the relevant factors which influencing the technology progress effect of China for instance the human capital, R&D stock, industry agglomeration, institution, etc. Especially,we mostly pay close attention to the technology diffusion through international trade. On the basis of the above research, we find that: (1) it is very important that the technology diffusion through international trade facilitates the technology progress of China; (2) R&D activities not only are the important sources of domestic innovation, but also improve the absorptive capacity to foreign technology; (3) the quantity and quality of the human capital of host country are the key factors of developing countries carrying on innovation and obtaining technology diffusion successfully; (4) trade structure and growth way have impacts on the technology progress; (5) such factors as agglomeration, institution, etc. have influenced the technology diffusion effect. The empirical study of China shows that international trade has very obvious facilitation to the technology progress. This dissertation attends to popularize the theory relation between technology and trade on the basis of the synthetically summary of domestic and foreign relevant documents, and has expanded and modified to the existing relevant models such as the real import penetrative variable was introduced to the technology diffusion model through import trade. And in the empirical study, we have use the modern econometrics analysis such as time series, cross section, cointegration test and Panel data model, etc. to explain the relation between technology and trade further. In addition, it has been also adopted the method of the vertical analysis and the horizontal comparison together.