| Nowadays, the original innovation breeds the change and development of science and technology. It is an important manifest for one nation to make the contribution to the progress of humanity civilization. Also it is the commanding point of S&T competition in the world. In our country, we are in the process of the strategic change from track imitation for the focus to the independent innovation for the focus at the present stage. It is very important to provide the scientific instruction for our original innovation from two aspects of theoretical and the empirical research.This article is on the basis of Science and Technology Studies, Synergetic Theory, Innovation Economics, Institutional Economics foundation, and so on. After elaborating these theories' origins, the development, the basic principles and the main viewpoints, this article argues that developing science and technology should be as a national strategy under the instruction of science and technology and vigorously advancing the research of S&T independent innovation. It is very important to insist on the coordinated development among S&T, economy and society and realize their benign circulates. Under the instruction of system theory, original innovation management must consider the relation and the influence from each aspect systematically and comprehensively and complete the whole plan and arrangement. At the same time, original innovation management need have the rational division of labor, the responsibility to be distinct and the level. In the process of innovation research, people should stress collective cooperation and let the different region, the different profession system carry on the multilateral cooperation forming the dynamic cooperation mechanism of resources sharing. Firstly, under the instruction of Synergetic Theory, original innovation must construct certain environment foundation such as the original accumulation and so on. Secondly, it is necessary to be under original leader's leadership, otherwise forming the system's great fluctuation is difficult. When the environment encouragement achieves certain level, members in the original system through the cooperation push the process of original innovation to success. Under the instruction of Innovation Economics, this paper researches into the contribution of original innovation which improves region economy. It discusses how to implement the effective innovation motivation, maintain the innovation individual's rights and interests and enhance the disposition efficiency of S&T resources from the property right, the market, the enterprises and the government and so on.After researching into the connotation and the categories deeply, this article believes that original innovation refers to the process using the scientific theory to solute the key problems from economy and society, or it researches things' viewpoints, structures, movements and mutual affects rule through scientific experiment and fundamental research. It is divided into the basic research and the application basic research. This paper summaries the original innovation's five characteristics, i.e. the accumulation, the determinism, the non-mutual recognition, the long-term characteristic and the impetus. Original innovation has special and influential factors which are divided into inside and outside factors. The intrinsic factors include the original accumulation, the core character, the team cooperation, the skill of original innovation and the scientific research interest, and the external factors include the innovation atmosphere, the motivation mechanism and so on. This paper proposes the evolved mechanism of original innovation, and thinks original innovation starts from the accumulation. Through accumulation from the national scientific ability, the talented persons in basic research, academic tradition, individual experience, the heredity of knowledge gene as well as home education science, the core character looks for best union spot with the state ,economy and society to made the correct strategic choice for the innovation group relying on his or her academic attainments. In the process of innovation, people must pour powerful power into innovation research in order to overcome the difficult and long process of original innovation. The core character must lead the innovation group to unprecedented go ahead and build one kind of loose culture atmosphere. It must not only have very effective motivation mechanism, innovation skills and the strong interest of scientific research but also have cooperation spirit. After successful original innovation, people must promptly carry on the achievement's protection and correctly appraisal innovation achievement in order to promote the benign circulation of original innovation.Using the Science and Technology Studies, Synergetic Theory, and the principles of innovative economics, this article analyzes the course of original innovation. Analyzing the coordination in the course of original innovation, this paper thinks that scientific accumulation and motivation mechanism are environment motivation of original innovation, and it believes that innovative culture is the condition which promotes original innovative intercommunion to form coordination. The academic leader is the exciting strength of forming huge fluctuations in the system of original innovation, and the group cooperation is the key to the order which the system of original innovation moves towards. In the course of analyzing the outside of the original innovation , the paper argues the external positive effect of original innovation has these effects: the scale effect ofinnovation, the output effect of outstanding talents , the optimal effect of industrial structure, the promoting effect of economic growth. So the external negative effect of original innovation has these effects.- public resources which are crocking up day by day, ecological environment polluted constantly. And putting forward development tactics of innovation to control the outside of original innovation is that enterprises dominantly lead to implement applied basic research and the government leads dominantly to implement basic research. Among them, the compensation incentive measures of the external positive effect are the patent institutions, the risk investment institutions, the enterprise;institutions and government tactics. The settlement of the external negative effect of innovation is the property right of environmental resources, the ecology of innovation study. In the analytical course of original innovative risks, this article believes the original innovative risk mainly exists in the stage of items choosing, the innovative research stage and the appraisal stage of achievements, and analyzes the risk factors in detail. And it proposes setting up the preparing of the original innovative risk and the control system. On the basis of risk preparing , the article adopts the flow chart or the analytic method of accident to set up the risk identify and estimation and deal the risk by avoiding risk, controlling risk, shifting risk, sharing risk and bearing risk according to the characteristic of original innovative. Analyzing institutions of the original innovative course, the paper argues that original innovative formal institutions consist of laws, regulations , policy , rule and regulatory files, etc., the informal institutions consist of values , behavioral norms , cultural tradition , ethics , custom and so on, which are formed gradually in the course of original innovation. On the basis of analyzing the original innovative institutions' function, this article thinks that the informal institutions are the foundation and necessity of the formal institutions, and the formal institutions provide safeguard for the stability of the informal institutions. It proposes the effective construction of institutions to original innovative has to make priority to trade property right, pay attention to the effect of institutions motivation and reduce the transaction cost, and so on.Utilizing the method of multi-levels gray connection synthesis appraisal, the paper independently constructs a set of original innovations' ability appraisal target system following the principle of comparability, normative, non- compatibility, the quota and classification. Using the method of Delphi from the aspects of S&T foundation, the input of S&T, the output of S&T, the environment support, we fix on 30 three level targets to analyze our typical province's original abilities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangshu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Fujian, and we provide some enlightenments for our country's original innovation research. In the analysis on original innovation's contribution which grows to the local economy, this articleproposes the contribution rate model of original innovation, and approximately measures the contribution rate of original innovation to regional economic growth in our country's several provinces (cities ). Also this article thinks that original innovation has observable effects on the regional development. So the regional leaders should attach highly importance to original innovation, but original innovation should not advance side by side but accord with advantages and characteristics of regional industry.Under the support of related innovation theories and using the method of empirical research, this article mainly selects 6 representative institutes and enterprises which are from the IT industry, the material industry, the chemical industry, the domestic electric appliances industry, the biologic and medical service industry as typical cases to investigate and research. The article discusses original innovation's successful experiences and regular research ways that have universal significance. Unifying the economic analysis on our country's original innovation institutions, this article discusses standard construction of the original innovation institutions. It is suggested that we should perfect the motivation mechanism, reduce the outside of the original achievement, perfect the evaluation system and improve the disposition efficiency of scientific and technological resources. Also innovating talent mechanism and training a set of famous science workers are necessary. And we should expand intercommunion and cooperation, and improve innovative efficiency. Finally, this article puts forward the strategies of promoting original innovation's ability of our country for the present situation of original innovation.
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