Study On The Peasants Entrepreneurship In China

The longstanding "Three Agricultural Problems", problems about agriculture, rural areas and peasantry, become more and more obvious in late 1990's, and have become the bottleneck to China's contemporary economical and social development. To solve these problems, the method of "walking on two legs" should be exerted, which means not only the non-agricultural measures should be taken, but also the measures established in agriculture, rural areas and peasantry, as called the measures from the interior of "Three Agricultural Problems" should be more emphasized. When solving the problems by the latter measures, peasants' entrepreneurship should be encouraged and propelled and the agricultural structure adjustment should be accelerated at the same time, aiming at breaking a new path to solve the "Three Agricultural Problems". However, as a principal approach to increase farmers' income, farmers' entrepreneurship has always been ignored theoretically and practically. Therefore, the problem of farmers' entrepreneurship has been investigated in a macro-scale in this paper. On the basis of previous research results, the occurrence mechanism of peasants' entrepreneurship has been discussed by setting the definition of peasants' entrepreneurship. Moreover, by analyzing the status in quo of peasants' entrepreneurship in China, the diversities and influential factors of this problem have been studied through real examples, and the measures to propel peasants' entrepreneurship have also been considered.First of all, on the basis of analyzing the common characteristics of peasant entrepreneurship, combining the characteristic of peasants in our country, the definition of peasant entrepreneurship has been set as thus a process, in which the peasants invest certain productive capital by relying on the informal organizations composed of family members or relatives and friends or by setting up new organizations, realize the wealth increase and seek greater development by expanding the existed production scale or engaging in a new production activity and launching a new enterprise based on rural areas. On the foundation of this definition, the peasants' entrepreneurship in our country has been categorized into such four types as resource developing, self-employed, collective employed and employment-self-employed. The relationship between peasants' entrepreneurship and enterpriser spirit has been discussed as well.Secondly, based on the study of the process of peasants' entrepreneurship, the occurrence mechanism has been discussed and a model about this mechanism has been set up by further analysis on the consciousness, motive and opportunity of peasants' entrepreneurship. It has been found that the occurrence of peasants' entrepreneurship...