Research On The Governmental Supply Mechanism Of The Social Medical Security System Of Rural Areas In Western China

The income level of the rural area of the west China is lowest in China. The rural people in west China are facing severe situation about supply of social medical security. Many problems have risen in the application of new cooperative system of social medical security in rural areas and should be solved. On the basis of defining social medical security of west rural area and the conception of public products, we use both normative and empirical methods, qualitative and quantitative methods, comparison and case study methods, field study and document analysis methods. Through large amount of data analysis and field study, we discussed the theories about governmental supply of the social medical security in west rural area, summarized the problems in this system, and provided relevant policies to solve them.The public property and high cost and risk of the social medical security in west rural area cause the necessity of governmental supply. Although social medical security is exclusive in property, in the poorest west rural area of China the property of its great public welfare and positive effect nullify the property of its exclusiveness. The low efficiency of supplying public products by market system makes governmental supply logical and necessary. What's more, the high cost and risk of the social medical security make the responsibility of government unavoidable.The current social medical security in west rural area of China has many problems, including that the participation of rural people is not stable; the level of funding is low; the efficiency of utilizing the fund is low; the management of the system is costly; the collection cost is high; the service quality of relevant hospitals is low; etc. The reasons for these results include that the central government misplaced itself in funding the social medical security in west rural area; the relevant departments of central government and local governments take passive actions; the local governments of west China are short of financial resources; the rural people have relatively very low income and low confidence in the new system.If we want to solve these problems, we should carry out the following plans: (1) Governments should afford the expenses of rural people for the social medical security in west rural area for the first five years; (2) We should change the supplement system from uniform distribution into differentiated distribution; (3) We should redistribute the responsibilities of central government and local governments in the social medical security in west rural area; (4) Central government and local governments should take active actions; (5) We should arrange some appropriate market competition in the construction and management of the social medical security in west rural area.In order to streamline the social medical security in west rural area of China, we must provide institutional guarantee for rural people in west China, reduce the medical burden for them, and buffer poverty caused by medical care. In this way, we can provide a good platform to make rural people in west China richer, improve their welfare in health, and make good use of medical resources in rural areas. The building of the new system of the social medical security in west rural area of China can reflect the thought of Three Representatives, can make rural society stable, can incorporate the development between urban and rural areas, and can help us to realize the strategy of Great West Development.