Study On Ecological Technology Innovation From Economic Perspective In The Climate Of Sustainable Development

Ecological Technology Innovation (ETI) is becoming the growing concern for all nations ever since 1980s when the idea of sustainable development got rooted in their minds. It's undisputable that the traditional technology innovations left great damage to our ecological environment though they have positively promoted the rapid development of economy. Possibly ,the consequence might be out of the biased perception on nature, the reckless exploit and use of it, but there is every reason to attribute technology innovations as a major factor. So it's high time for human beings to top on their agendas the bearings of the technological innovations aiming at balanced economy, society and ecology. Therefore, a sustainable development guaranteed. In this article, the author will take ETI as a subject to analyze holistically the general principle of it to provide some valuable suggestions for improving our environment.The dissertation is composed of five chapters besides preface. Chapter one mainly concerned with the fundamental definitions and literature review; chapter two, three and four are about the theoretical basis mainly focusing on economic law involved in the technological innovation; chapter five is the footing of this thesis studying the industrialization of the ecological technology and the reform of the current industry.To be more specific:Chapter one : theoretical basis for ETI.ETI is defined in this article as a technological innovation to promote sustainable development by reducing the external marginal cost of production and expenditure taking into consideration the restriction of resources and the human desire for friendly ecology. To define it this way is mainly for the reason that the restriction of the natural resources plus human being's desire for benign ecology forced the innovation to be ecology oriented. These are the vital external conditions for ETI. Internally , Only when it means to reduce the marginal cost of production and expenditure can it be regarded as true ecological technology innovation that guarantees the sustainable development. In addition, in this chapter the author reviewed the literature on this issue from 4 aspects: the exposition of the bearings of the innovation; the necessity for altering to the ecological technology; the mechanism of the innovation and the argument of the measures for innovation.Chapter two: two development views and two technological innovation models.The development view means to interpret development from philosophical perspective. It's the basic and wholesome view on social development. If there is a succession of gradual development goals in the process of social development,technological innovation is undoubtedly the key method to realize it. In this sense, goal and method comprise a mutual functioning system. In this chapter the author mainly states that the development views actually help shape the innovation model. Different development views motivate the different innovation models. While the traditional technological innovations aim at maximizing the profit margin, the ecological technology innovations are restricted both by economic profit and ecological rewards. Thus, it is a positive response to the sustainable development view. It's what the history goes, too.Chapter three: the economic analysis on the ETI.In this chapter, the author analyzes the inner economic law of the ETI under the framework of economy. With the rational economist assumption, the drive of the enterprise's innovating the ecological technology is the pursuit for the economic profit. But after analyzing the cost-profit of both traditional innovations and ETI, we found that the realization of ETI relies on the total cost after the social cost turned to enterprise cost. In certain circumstances, the enterprise can gain benefit both ecologically and economically through ETI. It belongs to Pareto's improvement. Meanwhile, ETI activities are driven by both internal and external factors of the enterprise. As a result, to improve the environment of enterprises can present more choices for their ETI.Chapter four: the regulations and routes of ETI.Driven mere by the market, the purpose of technology innovation is to get the maximum profit by lowering cost. There is no difference between ETI and general technological innovation as far as the drive of the innovation is concerned. Besides, because of the unique traits of the public goods, market itself can do nothing to solve the problem. Therefore, the government is bound to give impetus to ETI. What's more, the considerably high sunk cost, technology barrier, inadequate accumulation and some other external factors co-working tend to make the ETI fail to get back profit for the enterprises. On the other hand, they might suffer"market failure"due to the supplies of ETI resources. In such circumstances, ETI activities in these enterprises and industries have to be undertaken in the environment of both spontaneous adjustment of the market and government regulation.Chapter five : ETI and ecological evolution of industrial structureIn this chapter, firstly the author analyzes the relationship between ETI and the ecological evolution of industrial structure. ETI promotes evolution of industrial structure by instructing people to foster ecological consuming rational, to improve environmental protection techniques and to influence the international trade. Secondly, according to the author, the ecological technology industry will be the leading global strategic industry in 21 century. Four conditions have to be guaranteed to industrialized the ecological technology: the balance of the demanding of the ecological technology market and the structure, the capacity of ecological technology, the supply of the capital and the related industries. Lastly, to fulfill the purpose of sustainable development, ETI has to expand and penetrate to other fields besides industrialization itself to promote the industrial structure ecology- oriented.The uniqueness of my research:1.Use a new research perspective and analytic method.The researches on ETI nowadays mainly focus on its value evaluation and combination of related policies. But my research, started from the development view that the evolution of the society means to trigger the orientation of ETI, used the general equilibrium analyse method------cost-profit analyse, tried to explore the inner economic law of ETI through systematic analysis from economic perspective.2.Redefine the connotation of ETI from economic perspective. Currently, there is no clear definition on its connotation. Most of the definitions are on its denotation , which makes it difficult to analyse it from economic perspective. ETI is defined in this article as a technological innovation to promote sustainable development by reducing the external marginal cost of production and expenditure taking into consideration the restriction of resources and the human desire for friendly ecology.3.Establish an ETI general equilibrium analyse model. In this article the author makes a comparison between traditional technology innovation and ETI, analyses the realization rout of ETI and the force of government regulations. 4.Advance 3 routes of realizing ETI, meanwhile analyse particularly on the route that government's regulation exert influence on market's adjustment to ETI. According to the author the realization of ETI can be achieved through three routes: the market in itself, which means to lower the cost to gain maximum profit through technology innovations that are on resources utilization; the unique traits of the public goods make it hopeless for the market itself to solve the problem, which invites the government to help fulfill their ETI; ETI activities in these enterprises and industries have to be undertaken in the environment of both spontaneous adjustment of the market and government regulation. Unlike other researchers, the author believes that ETI aims to be the mere market-orient through experiencing the stages of spontaneous market adjustment and government regulation. That's the final goal.5.Analyse the regularity of the ETI development. Ecology economic consists of ecology industry and industry ecologize. As a newly-born branch of economics, it presents some uniqueness in the process of development. In this dissertation, the author put forward some general regularities such as"the second invisible hand"( ecological mechanism) to strengthen the effect of adjustment, to enlarge growing marginal profit, and to help convert the ecology economic from externality to internality.