"Property Rights" Or "Other Things"?

The dissertation examines the property rights of the land in a Chinese village named "Yushan" in Mid-Jiangxi-province. why had the new country choiced the second best property rights which the rural land belongs to the collective?Why is this kind of property rights amphibolous and abridged? The studies from economics can not provide us a satisfied answer. So The dissertation use "property"and "social person" which from comparative sociology and anthropology as an conception tools and follows the reserch path which comes from Fei Hsiao-tung ,focus on both "the system of rights about the laws" and "the system of the rights about local tradition" to provide a new explain.The author analysed the embeded reasons why the new communistic regime choiced the intstitution of the land collectivizational ownership. Both improving efficiency and avoiding market risk are the most important reason. And it is the essential reason to protect the society. The country control the the adjusting power. Any part adjustiing about property rights is proprietorship. The institution created a shared property in the collective as "social person" relationship. Every member in the collective has a part of others land,every body hold other each other. So there is not real ownership , just only have the stewardship and actural proprietorship in the collectivity. The real ownership belong to country. these kind of social person relationship lead to no one can not tell apart the property rights about collective land. From this point of view ,the collectiivity is only in possession of the stewardship,because the owners can not trade the land ownership. In collectivity,the person with "Hukou" can hold the right of working contract the land of collectivity,and bear the collective obligation. The families hold actural proprietorship and the country monopoly the industrialized proprietorship. According to the price mechanism,the families choice the crops,decide the opportunites of the trade. At the same time, the familes adjust their labour forces and roles. Butthe familes must balance the profit of "personal business"and "public business" ,accepting the traditional cognition of reciprocity and obligation. All kinds of "rights system of local tradition" for example the myth and consanguinity and landscpe(fengshui) are used grouping people to compete the rights about land ,and challenge the institution in which only the members of collectivity with hukou can hold the stock of the collective land.This observation account for that if we want to understand economic phenomenon at non-western society ,for example Chinese rural land property rights,we should rethink the opinions from west economics,and emphasize the importance of the society, focus on both "the rights system of the laws" and "the rights system of local tradition".Meanwhile,because the people in Chinese rural society often share proeperties(ex.land) with others,it is difficult to regard the person as the agent in market and fictitious person which come from western society.