Knowledge Economy And Marxist Labor Theory Of Value

Knowledge economy is a newly emerged phenomenon, which has aroused heated arguments on Marxist labor theory of value in all fields. Insisting on the guidance of the Marxism economic theory, obeying the principle of the dialectic materialistic and historical materialistic methodology and combining the methods of historical analysis and logical analysis, normal analysis and positive analysis, this dissertation discusses comprehensively on the challenges and opportunities to Marxist labor theory of value posed by knowledge economy and criticizes all kinds of wrong viewpoints. In this book, the author also pectinates systematically the basic Marxist labor theory of value and predicts its prospect to some extent. The paper consists of seven parts, which includes six chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter is that Marxist labor theory of value is the important revolution of economics; The second is Marxist labor theory of value develops with the time in the challenges; The third analyses the challenge of knowledge economy to Marxist labor theory of value; The fourth studies whether science, technology and knowledge can create value; The fifth is the study of whether non-labor production elements can create value; The sixth is the study of whether the third industry can create value; The conclusion is about the further deepening and development of Marxist labor theory of value.Chapterâ… consists of four parts which analyses respectively the historical background, fundamental contents, innovations and historical status of Marxist labor theory of value. The book emphasizes the frame of Marxist labor theory of value, and reduces it into nine aspects, that is the two factors of a commodity theory, the two-folds character of labor theory, the form of value theory, money theory, fetishism of commodities and money theory, the transformation of value theory, the theory of the law of value, labor commodity and labor theory. The author also points out, that Marxist labor theory of value is the footstone of the system of Marxist economic theory, the start point of Marxist theoretical analysis and also the scientific conclusion of previous achievements of value theory and practice. If one wants to develop Marxist labor theory of value, he should adhere to it at first.Chapterâ…¡analyses the overseas and domestic arguments around Marxist labor theory of value in history. The author points out; some western scholars have challenged Marxist labor theory of value continually since its birth, which formed four great climaxes, and put forward five key questions, that is the simplification problem of skilled labor, the determination of commodities'value quantity under conditions of alternative (various) skills, joint production, non-linear depreciation, and transformation problem from value to product price. Strictly speaking, such challenges cannot really confute Marxist labor theory of value. In our country, scholars have also discussed over Marxist labor theory of value, which also formed four climaxes, these discussions are useful yet form a threat to the development of Marxist labor theory of value to some extent.Chapterâ…¢studies knowledge economy and its effect on Marxist labor theory of value. Knowledge economy, also called as"new economy", the core of which is new science and technology, is a stage of social economic development based on the innovation of knowledge, science and technology system, and it revolutionarily change productivity, styles of production and economy formation. Knowledge economy raises many questions to Marxist labor theory of value, such as: 1, the contradiction between the decrease of labor and the increase of surplus value; 2, problem on the rapid growth of the third industry and its'reasonable calculation in GNP; 3, science and technology's effect on value. 4, whether or not is the distribution of wealth according to production elements in China based on Marxist labor theory of value? 5, whether or not does the Intangible property have values? These questions are either challenges or chances to the development of Marxist labor theory of value.Chapterâ…£mainly analyses whether science and technology can create value, and comments on all kinds of viewpoints about the creation of value by science and technology. Science and technology is the first productive power, which plays a great role in the process of production increasingly. It penetrates into laborer, production elements and administration, enhances productivity, increases material wealth (or use-value) at the equal time, and gets more excess surplus value and relative surplus value, But the enlarged use-value doesn't mean the simultaneous increase of value unless the quantity of labor increase. Labor is the only creator of value. Because of particularity of scientific activity, science, technology and knowledge have great value, so it transfers great value into new commodity and boosts the value of individual commodity and social gross value. The theory of value of science and technology actually confuses science and technology's personal value and science and technology's creating value, which leads to the old way of function value.Chapterâ…¤make an analysis on whether non-labor production factor can create value or not. The author points out that non-labor productive factor together with labor can create use-value yet doesn't create value itself. Man is the only factor for creating value. Therefore, it is the condition of value creation but not the source of value. It consists of part of commodity value while it can't form value. We should correctly understand the following couple of categories: the function of manual and that of object, value creating and value transferring, value forming and value-construction. Value is not the only reason for present Enhance Price level and enlarged GNP, which is just a scale for measuring use-value not value, inflation, transferred equipments'value and the replacement of the simple labor by the complex one also wok on it, so we cannot conclude that non-labor productive factor create value. Except for that, the author point out that, there are no abstract use-value and productive force but concrete one, and productive force just affects use-value, not value. This kind of viewpoint confuses the role of man and object, value-creating and value-transferring, value-forming and value-construction, thus finally leads to the confusion of value and use-value, the essence of which is still function value.Chapterâ…¥mainly analyses whether administration and service can create value or not. The author thinks that only productive labor can create value, which include direct or indirect labor serves for material producing, namely the"Total labor", which can create value. So, apart from those industries such as transportation, house ware care, scientific research and development and service trade, which serve directly and indirectly for material producing, all other public and social service industry, which is not belong to productive labor can't create value. This kind of viewpoint actually confuses productive labor and non-productive labor, value creating and value-distribution, and eventually derails Marx's methodology principle to start from the reality.At the end of this book, the author discusses how to deepen and develop Marxist labor theory of value and points out that we should read the Marx's original works with a call-a-spade-a-spade attitude and try to make clear its essence. We should also recognize various viewpoints, which deny Marxist labor theory of value, and re-comprehend Marxist basic conception and principle combing with reality. Besides, we should correctly treat western economics and absorb its reasonable factors for our use. Only in this way, Marxist labor theory of value can interpret the present situation and be classified at the first line of times.