Study On Rural Labor Migration In Shaanxi

The labor force flows is advantageous is stable to the Shaanxi countryside, is advantageous to the Shaanxi countryside human resources development, is advantageous to the expanded employment, increases the Shaanxi farmer to receive, is advantageous to the Shaanxi city industry and tertiary industry gathering, is advantageous to the Shaanxi city and countryside balanced development, impels Shaanxi each reform thoroughly to carry on, makes the contribution for the input economy growth.The Shaanxi rural labor force flows obviously with the region economy level of development is being connected, with the average per person sown area obvious counter- correlation, with the average per person grain yield, the mechanization of agriculture level, the gross national product Central Africa agriculture output value proportion, the rural labor force quality is weak is being connected. Rural population growth excessively quickly, the cultivated area suddenly reduces, two, three industrial development lag, the farmer quality is generally lower, is the Shaanxi rural labor force mobile reason. The Shaanxi rural labor force mobile divides into the start stage, accelerates the development phase, the fast development phase and the high speed development phase. Shaanxi rural labor force by young adults primarily, cultural quality lower, the quantity big, surplus are many. The Shaanxi rural labor force employment by the township in primarily, outside the county province gets employed the proportion to be somewhat low; By the agriculture primarily, the non- agricultural production industry proportion is low; The school record is some what low; Different industrial, the local employment community income difference is big; The employment structure and the economic structure change marches out of step. Because the agricultural surplus labor force, Shaanxi still had 4 million about every year the countryside surplus labor force, namely approximately had the nearly 1/3 rural labor force to belong to the countryside surplus labor force. The Shaanxi rural labor force flows needs to persist the extroversion and the introversion unify, with city and countryside integration, countryside non- agriculture and cities moderate synchronization development. Up to 2006 year's end, the Shaanxi countryside mobile labor force 5.217 million people, the labor force mobile organization degree enhances front, the labor force flows accepts the professional skill training population to increase, labor force mobile region broad, spreads various professions, the labor force flows the organizations and agencies basically perfect, service income fast growth, service brand superiority prominent, the work capable person returns to one's native village starts an under taking the tendency to be good, the construction domain countryside mobile labor force starts to enjoy the workers' compensation insurance. The Shaanxi rural labor force mobile advancement speeds up, the benefit is obvious, the mobile region by this province primarily, the flow direction is in the majority by 23 industries, the labor force flows by the young adults and the male primarily, the years of schooling and the mobile degree are being connected, the labor force flows by the spontaneity primarily, the mobile labor force professional skill quality enhances, the home labor with egresses the work time to be connected.The Shaanxi rural labor force flow rate postpones, the mobile labor force work life circumstances urgently await to improve, the wages is low, and has is behind in payment, the rights and interests cannot obtain the safeguard, the children education question wait for the solution, the labor force flow to the agricultural production have the influence, the mobile labor force economic society status urgently awaits to enhance. This is somewhat low, the related procedure with the Shaanxi rural labor force own quality and the expense urgent need standard, the rural enterprise attracts the rural labor force ability to drop, the city employment pressure restriction and the cities level restriction concerns.The Shaanxi rural labor force flows must in training and the employment service, the wages and with the labor management, the professional safety and health, the social security system construction, the children compulsory education, the maintenance legitimate rights and interests specially be aspect and so on land contracting power, accommodation, household register management question formulates the practical feasible policy, the improvement manages and serves, practically transforms the city government to manage the idea, unceasingly innovates the management system, further sharpens the public serviceability, the display community is entering a city the rural labor force management and the service aspect vital role. Must establish is advantageous pasts the mechanism to the labor force mobile highly effective land, promotes "the duty to teach the prosperous common people net two projects" the plan, the cultivation industry colony, the development occupation introduction service organization, strengthens the service base construction, maintain segresses the work personnel legitimate rights and interests, the attention practical skill training, the omni-directional legal help and he policy service, improves the farmer to enter a city the employment environment, solves the good mobile labor force children education problem, promotes the Shaanxi rural labor force to flow a quicker development.The computation indicated that, in 2004, the Guanzhong countryside surplus labor force total is 1.6342 million people, the Guanzhong rural labor force surplus ratio is 55.59%. Among: The Xi'an rural labor force surplus ratio is 39.03%, the countryside still existed the surplus labor force scale was 52,000 people; The Xianyang rural labor force surplus ratio is 57.28%, the countryside still existed the surplus labor force scale was 604,400 people; The Baoji rural labor force surplus ratio is 63.42%, the countryside still existed the surplus labor force scale was 356,900 people; The Weinan rural labor force surplus ratio is 47.39%, the countryside still existed the surplus labor force scale was 577,600 people; The Tongchuan rural labor force surplus ratio is 41.92%, the countryside still existed the surplus labor force scale was 43,300 people.The investigation indicated that, after the Shaanxi Guanzhong existing level countryside mobile labor force quantity has the tendency which first increases reduces; The existing mobile labor force quality has the disparity in the adaption employment market to the skill transformation aspect, urgently must train; The existing countryside mobile labor force employment training lands on feet with difficulty, urgently must improve; The existing rural labor force skill quality inflows in the employment to have the promotion, still had the very big promotion leeway; After future the Shaanxi Guanzhong countryside primary mobile labor force reduction, it originally will be engaged in the construction, mining and the partial tertiary industry worker wages promotion, will have the influence to the infrastructure construction; The government should create the condition, establishes the countryside mobile labor force to care for the aged the safeguard system.The investigation indicated that, the Shaanxi Guanzhong rural labor force will flow appears the employment about 2020 to flow with the school record mobile confluence tendency, will display generally has the high duty school record for primary flowing, the quality promotion, the employment avenue is unobstructed. The Shaanxi Guanzhong countryside mobile labor force probably needs 15 years time by the present extensive transformation for the skill; After future the mobile pattern mainly will be "the higher professional technical institute graduates starts to flow"; The existing countryside mobile labor force after hoped the future children will flow enter with the city similar personnel similar or the slightly high scale work post; Front the existing countryside family through diligently may pay GaoZhi which the children future will flow accepts to educate the expense; The Shaanxi higher vocational-technical education will be basic may satisfy before the future countryside mobile labor force employment the education; Will have the necessity first to construct the countryside employment facility very much to meet ahead of time to the future mobile labor force between the city and countryside the two-way flow need; The Shaanxi Guanzhong future the countryside mobile labor force employment will need basically to be allowed to obtain satisfies. The author believed that, the Shaanxi Guanzhong should in complete the existing countryside mobile labor force service safeguard under the premise, provides for a rainy day, after positively will complete the existing countryside mobile labor force quantity to reduce, future mobile labor force quality promotion should ahead of time to prepares. First, should the conformity Shaanxi high quality education resources, popularize GaoZhi to educate, promotion future mobile labor force quality promotion; Next, plans in advance, the full use existing mobile labor force, speeds up the city and countryside infra structure construction, specially first constructs the countryside employment facility; Finally, takes the lead in the Guanzhong establishment labor force to flow the employment quality to enter the system experiment site, promotes the rural labor force to flow by is extensive to the skill transformation.