Study On The Effect Mechanism Of Rural Labor Migration In The Process Of New-type Urbanization

Become a driving force for economic development, New-type Urbanization is the new engine of future economic development of our country. The urbanization rate rises one percentage point, corresponding hundreds of millions of people as well as the billions of dollars of investment and consumption. A good way to solve the problem of people is the key to advance New-type Urbanization. The Third Plenary Session of the eighteen reports have said that promote the urbanization of population transferring from agriculture and gradually change the agricultural population meeting the requirements into urban residents. Innovate the management of population and accelerate the reform of household registration system. Fully open restrictions of all the towns and small cities located in, and orderly open restrictions of the medium cities set up. Reasonably determine the big city settled conditions, and strictly control of large city population scale. But at present China urbanization polarization phenomenon is very serious. The quantity and scale of big city is expanding continuously, but medium-sized cities are reducing and small cities and towns are declining relatively. In the process of New-type Urbanization construction, large-scale rural labor will flow into the city.Considering polarization phenomena in towns, farmers face to choose where to move among different scale cities.In this paper, combining the local public goods theory with Marxism’s political economics theory of land rent, political economics interpretation of migration direction of rural labor in the New-type Urbanization among different scale cities is given from the rent effect angle. In the process of urbanization, there are differences in migration direction of rural labor between farmers and policy tendency of the country.National policy tends to guide farmers to choose small and medium-sized cities, but the rural labor force tend to choose to move to large city. There is a gap between the large and small city in many aspects, especially in the public goods supply level. The level of public goods supply is an important factor affecting farmers to choose where to move among different scale cities. The value of land is highly correlated with the level of public goods supply. Education, culture, public health and other public services infrastructure of big cities are obviously better than small and medium-sized cities. Because of capitalization of public goods into land rent in the big citise, the land value higher than in the small and medium-sized cities. The value of different scale city land affects the public goods supply level of the whole city. Therefore, selection of farmers in the different scale of cities from considering public goods must give priority to large city. New-Urbanization will achieve the equalization of public services of big medium and small city, but with sharing the different costs.Big city because of its low cost will expand further. When the population of big city is more than the optimal size, because of free mobility of the rural labor and the equality of public service, crowding effect will appear. Due to crowding effect, high rent of big city and the cost of public goods, medium-sized and small city will be the choice of rural labor migration. Therefore, in the process of New-type Urbanization, big city size will increase, but its expansion is limit. The level and efficiency of public services of medium-sized and small city will have more space for improvement and become the main choice of migration of farmers.Besides the introduction, this paper is divided into4parts.The first part introduces the expansion of land rent on local public goods theory.First, definite the local public goods and its characteristics. Then the local public goods theories are compared and summarized, and Marxism differential land rent theory and development of the differential land rent theory in city economics are summarized and sorted. This study has the full theory basis. On this basis analyze the land rent expands the local public goods theory.The second part introduces migration mechanism analysis of the rent effect of public goods of rural labor. This part firstly elaborates the relationship between public goods and private goods, public goods are the factors affecting the migration that is important; then illustrates the equilibrium conditions of the population migration; finally, analyze the relation of the local public goods and the size of population.The third part analyses the migration direction of the rural labor force among different scale cities in the process of New-type Urbanization. Firstly, an empirical analysis is made about the level of public goods supply affecting population migration, which shows advantages of big city in public goods supply level that is the important factor affecting the rural labor migration. Under this objective condition, discuss possible changes in the migration of rural labor force considering the reformed household registration system and the equalization of basic public services in the process of New-type Urbanization. The fourth part is a summary.Now our country is pushing forward to New-type Urbanization. A large number of rural laborers who will move into cities, considering the current actual public goods supply level, flow into the big city. But in the gradual abolition of the household registration restrictions and the equalization of basic public services, small and medium-sized city which will become the main migration direction of rural labor, should improve the level of public goods supply and get financial support.