Study On Rural Labor Migration Under The Perspective Of Central China's Rising

The central region consists six adjacent provinces including Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Anhui, Jiangxi and Shanxi, it is important commodity grain base, raw material bases and industrial base, and it enjoys a vital position in China's development strategy. There are two hundred and forty four million rural populations, making up of one-third of national rural population. In the stage of Planned Economy, it shouldered the burdens of grain providing and industry development and once got rapid development. But since the policy of Open and Reform and Development of the West had carried out, the development speed of central region lied behind the other regions.The rural labor economy refers to the economical activities that rural migrant workers provide service for entities or individuals other than their families and thus earn income. Affected by the unbalanced regional development, many rural labor migrant moved from the central region to others. This kind of move may make them get a job and add their income besides agriculture harvest, but it also means labor loss of the central region. Even worse this move may stunt the growth of their offspring.The conception "rise the central regions" was firstly referred to by Premier Jiaobao Wen in later 2003, and then he mentioned it again in the followed years. It expressed a signal that the government determined to settle the development of the central region. The solution of this will rise agricultural production and make contribution to address the problems facing China's agriculture, rural areas and farmers and to coordinate the development between cities and the countryside.Standing at the macro height of promoting central region rising, from the view angle of orchestrating the urban-rural coordination development, this paper systematically analyzes the problem with labor transfer in the central region. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:The first chapter is about brief introduction. In this part, the author expresses the mean of title, the central region and some related conceptions.The second chapter discusses the theories of the transfer of surplus rural labor, there are R-Herberle's push and pull theory, development theory of the two sector economy raised by W-Arthur Lewis, Fei-Ranis Model and so on. This chapter emphasized Lewis' theory, he pointed out that there are two sector (rural sector and non-rural sector) economies in many developing countries. It is the most classical theory in this field and worth us pay much attention to, but it unmatched with the real situation in China. Some researchers tried to modify the weakness of this theory and there are some other theories.The third chapter reviewed the rural labor migrant history, current situation, the meaning and necessary for the central region. Taking Hubei province as example, this paper contribute the migrant history into four stages and estimated the amount of surplus rural labor force based on theory "Three Decades of Industrialization" which raised by Syrquin-M and H-B-Chenery.This chanter also discussed the characters of migrant labor.The fourth chapter analyzed negative effect to the central region caused by migrant labor force. In China, traditional farming is still dominant approach in agriculture produce, so the more labor moved to other regions, the less labor work for agriculture development, that might led to reduction of and be bad for agriculture development of this region. There are some other problems might be caused, for example, this migrant force probably bring hinds of trouble for government administration.The fifth chapter concluded few key issues the government should pay much attention to during the rural labor migrant course. Based on western classical theory this chapter analyzed labor supply and labor market; this chapter also analyzed little cities and small towns'development in this region; finally the author did research in industrialization, industrial structure and profession educationFinally the sixth chapter proposed a few countermeasures. In short, the big scale of the mobility and employment of the rural labor force in the central region at present is the signer that accelerate industrialization, urbanization and modernization. It means the structure of the economy and society must be changed in the central region, and solve the employment of rural labor while develop the rural areas is an urgent task for the government in central region.