| Issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers are the long-term focus of concern by our country's theoretical workers and they are also the problems that our government is dedicated to. Based on the basic characters of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents at the present stage and learning from the consuming (consuming behaviors) theories of modern economics, this paper analyzes the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents during economic transition, explains the effects of residents'consumption on China's future economic development, and thus brings forward the policiy guidance that can direct rural residents'consuming behaviors.The paper consists of seven sections.Chapter 1 Introduction. The introduction of this paper elaborates on the research background, theoretical and practical meaning of choosing this subject, view point and ways of research, the framework, the basic content and the innovative parts of the paper. And also this part expounds the necessity and the urgency of researching the consuming behaviors of rural residents during economic transition period.Chapter 2 Review and commentary on consuming behavior theories. From the perspective of modern mainstream economics, consumers'behaviors include two aspects that are linked to each other. One is from the microeconomics perspective: consumers'behaviors refrer to utility maximizing behaviors under a certain budget restriction. The other is from macroeconomics perspective: consumers'behaviors refrer to how consumers distribute their income between consumption and saving. The paper investigates consuming behavior theories from the aspects of macroeconomics and microeconomics respectively, tracking studies the latest developments of consuming (consuming behaviors) theories in recent 20 years, and does a matter-of-fact assessment of it from the aspect of economic theories development, and finally gives a general summary of the domestic consumption economic theories at the present stage.From the history of economic theories, the theories of every western scholar above bear clearly the sign of the times and fully reflects the historical continuation and amendment of the theories. But just based on this character, the theories of every scholar show a certain limitations and need to be deepened, widened and integrated, but this will not ruin their theories'value of application. On the contrary, they give more research room for new enter and create more chance for their theories to put into application in practice.Chapter 3 Analysis of the consuming behaviors of rural residents in different economic systems. Referring to the internal and external environment setting for consumers'behaviors in Neoclassical Theory, the paper divides the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents into four stages: 1952-1979 is the planned economy period; 1980-1992 is the dual economy period; 1993-2001 is the market economy period; 2002-2007 is the historical stage for building a well-off society in an all-round way against the background of harmonious society. Based on this, this part analyzes deeply the consuming behaviors of rural residents during different periods and in different economic systems which is prepared for the analysis of the peculiarity of the consuming behaviors of rural residents.Chapter 4 Hypothesis of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents during economic transition period. This part is the core part of the paper. It points out that the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents in a certain historical period, different from that of western countries'residents who have perfect social security system, which is like the western scholars describe, have being changed in a certain degree. Through a series of comparision research, this part gives a comprehensive description of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents in certain economic environment. Based on this, it explores deeply the reasons of the consumers'behaviors from the actual fact that the western scholars'consuming behaviors theories can't fully explain the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents in a certain period, and brings forward the hypothesis of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents in this certain period. Hypothesis 1: the"foresight"consuming behaviors of rural residents results from irrational expections because of the uncertain feeling; Hypothesis 2: the liquidity restriction in future and in people's conception gave an important impetus to the abnormal change of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents; Hypothesis 3: the income distribution gap among different income groups between cities and villages and inside countryside results in the abnormal change of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents; Hypothesis 4: the"wave"consuming behaviors originated from traditional culture and came into being during social changes.Chapter 5 Empirical test of the consuming behaviors of Chinese rural residents during economic transition period. Based on the above research and fully considering the change of given environments, this part builds and utilizes relevant econometric models to do a true-false test of the basic hypotheses of the consuming behaviors of rural residents by temporal series data and cross-section data and summerizes the conclusion of the accuracy of the abnormal mechanism and provides explanations of every possible particular case.(1) Uncertainty is the objective existence during economic development process and is inevitable. As for China's rural residents, the riskiness of the agriculture itself leads to the riskiness of the rural residents'income, the difficulty of anticipatory consumption and so on. This uncertain anticipation will not only lead to the cautious consumption by rural residents but also cause their insuffient confidence and thus bring about that risk-aversion rational consumers will try to seek"certainty"feeling in the uncertain environment. Based on this knowledge, the paper for the first time brings forward that the"foresight"consuming behaviors of rural residents results from irrational expections because of the uncertain feeling and utilizes the econometric models to do an empirical test of the theoretical hypothsis.(2) In term of China's current situation, the liquidity restriction facing by Chinese rural residents is different not only from that of urban residents with comparatively stable income but from that of the western countries who have perfect creditability system. As for the consuming behavior characters of Chinese rural residents, many domestic scholars explain that's because Chinese consumers can not consume by credit; some explain that's because of future liquidity restriction. We think that both of the two theories have some strength in explaining Chinese consumers'behaviors but at the same time they have certain deficiencies. Thus this paper divides the liquidity restrictions faced by rural residents into the following several types systematically. From the time of liquidity restriction, it can be divided into current liquidity restriction and future liquidity restriction. From the space perspective, it can be divided into realistic liquidity restriction and conceptual liquidity restriction. In terms of Chinese rural residents, they are consumers as well as producers. Thus the liquidity restrictions faced by them are not only from producing but also from consuming. In regard to the actual conditions of Chinese residents, future liquidity restriction and conceptual liquidity restriction give an enormous impetus to the abnormal change of rural residents'consuming behaviors and with a given income for the rural residents, liquidity restriction faced by producers has crowding out effect to consuming.(3) Traditional theories on the change of propensity to consume are mostly on the assumption that the income gap is kept the same. However during the process of China's system change and economic development, an obvious phenomenon is that the income distribution gap is continually widening. So taking the change of income gap to the research of the change of propensity to consume is possibly a meaning assumption. China's dual economic structure objectively results in the income gap between urban and rural residents which has been the decisive factor in living standard gap between urban and rural residents. Thus to research the different characters of the consuming behaviors of urban and rural residents from the perspective of income gap has very important meaning in explaining Chinese rural residents'consuming behaviors during transition period.(4) Traditional western consuming behavior theories think that people arrange their consumption according to their whole life to pursue the whole-life utility maximization, but Chinese rural consumers have certain consumption peaks during their different periods of life and based on this we put forward an assumption of ten-stage wave periodic fluctuations. We think that Chinese consumers will not meet their own consumption need in advance by consumption credit like western countries who have perfect social security system. Chinese consumers arrange their consumption according to different periods of life on their own independent income to meet the consumption peaks of every different period. For example during a peasant's life there are some"major events"in different periods of life and they need to deal with them with special consumption styles. The"major events"include marriage, buying house, funerals, children's education, sending presents, preventing diseases, old age supporting and so on. To pay for all these costs, people must make a wave arrangement. This is because Chinese rural residents arrange their consumption according to traditional consumption culture and this traditional culture in the dynamic change of system molded the typical characters of the wave periodic fluctuations of Chinese rural residents'consumption.Chapter 6: The effect of rural resident consumption on economic development of China.Expatitate on effect of rural resident consumption behaviour on economic development of China in future; clarify the relationship between resident consumption demand and economic growth by overall evaluation on the situation of rural resident consumption needs; conclude the importance of current total consumption effects on economic development of China in future, rural resident consumption not correspondence to economic development of china by demonstration study on the relationship among total consumption of China, rural resident consumption and economic development. Further confirm that rural resident consumption appears to be abnormal, point out that rural resident consumption is seriously lagged behind urban residents as many factors of composite force effects. As a result rural resident consumption level relatively lagged behind urban resident, but also brings about a series of social problems.Chapter 7: Macroeconomic policy of rural resident consumption coupling to the government policyIt is of great significance that government macro-economic policy orientation and options of specific policy will have an effect on growth of rural resident consumption demand. At present China is in period of history transition from planned economic system to a market economic system. The level of rural resident consumption can not be rebound by expanding investment. The integrated multi-pronged measurement must be utilized in order to form policy. Therefore, as the government facing with complex and ever-changing environment, it is imperative to dominant position of consumer demand, to accurately determine the government policy orientation. In the long term, the fundamental thought should underpin a socialist harmonious society, pay more attention to build an external macroeconomic environment, improve the quality of resident consumption, promote comprehensive development, to reassure resident, to create a safe, good faith, fair trade, democracy and legal system, stability and orderliness, harmonious and sustainable consumption environment. In point of recent consumption policy, in accordance with the harmonious development of urban and rural regions needs, do everything possible to increase farmer's income, further increase proportion of rural resident consumption demand. The key issue of reducing regional disparities is to narrow the regional gap between public services and living standards. A series of specific measurement should include:1. Balance urban and rural development, increase income of rural residents and build a new socialist countryside2. Speed up reform of income distribution system, step - down income distribution system, eliminate effects of urban and rural consumption distribution, implement the policy of"Getting industry to support agriculture, and cities to support the countryside"and the ultimate realization of common prosperity3. Increase transparency of policy reform, stabilize resident income and consumption expecting and expand immediate spending.4. Improve credit system; exploit credit market among rural residents by changing from a self-accumulation to consumer credit support in advance of consumption patterns.5. Strengthen infrastructure in rural areas, make great efforts in creating an a fair and disburden consumption environment for rural resident6. Lead enterprises to develop products and market adjustment of industrial structure, producing marketable goods to meet rural resident consumption demand.7.Accelerate the expansion of rural urbanization and the development of the rural consumer demand.
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