China Industry Agglomeration And Regional Specialization,

Industrial agglomeration is an important spatial character of economic activities and has been a popular economic phenomenon all over the world. Whether developed countries or developing countries, the industries of competitive advantage are concentrative mostly in some specifical regions; High-tech industries and conventional industries are existing agglomeration phenomenon generally. The theory and practice indicates that industrial agglomeration is an effectual approach to enhance competition of industries and regions, it is very important for regional economic development currently.Industrial agglomeration related to many subjects, trade theory, location theory, industrial district and new industrial district theory, development economics, competitive advantage theory and new economic geography all studied industrial agglomeration. The correlative studies of industrial agglomeration are been deepened and enlarged now. The paper reviewed the influencing factors, such as factor endowments, economies of scale, transportation cost, market demand and linkage, knowledge spill over, embeddedness, to explain the microcosmic formation mechanism of industrial agglomeration.Reform and opening-up provided favorable conditions for gestation and pullulation of industrial agglomeration in China. The trend of industrial geographical concentration is more obvious, engendered many specialization regions, showed characters of industrial localization and regional specialization. Based on the reality of industrial development in China, the paper made empirical analysis on industrial agglomeration, regional specialization and other correlative issues, the main conclusions including: The agglomeration degrees of most industries are rising continuously, the distribute of industries presented agglomeration situation wholly, increase of agglomeration degree is the main direction and development tendency of industry; The regional specialization levels of many regions have improved generally but imbalanced, the special industries of regions have four characters—resource leading, consume leading, knowledge and technique leading, policy leading; The degree of industrial agglomeration and the level of regional specialization are rising on the whole, single industrial agglomeration can raise the level of regional specialization, but various industrial agglomerations decline the level of regional specialization and produce diversification of industrial structure; Industrial structure convergence is an important character of industrial structure in China, with main industries are centralizing in the eastern coastal provinces, industrial structure convergence is inevitable among some regions; Industrial agglomeration and regional economic development have interaction mechanism, practice indicates that the situation of industrial agglomeration and the situation of regional economic development are same on the whole, some industrial agglomerations and theirs concentrative regions present nicer interaction relations. Finally, according to main problems in industrial agglomeration development of China, the paper put forward some suggestions to promote industrial agglomeration development.