Research On The Model And Planning For Eco-Industrial Park

Eco-Industrial Parks(EIPs) are the third generation of industrial parks succeeding the Economic & Technological Developing Parks and High-Tech Developing Parks in China.Guided by eco-industrial theory, the conections among enterprises and linkages between industries can help the balance among related enterprises and the sustainable development for environment and economy.EIPs are the upgrade and optimization for the former two kinds of parks.Emerging in 1920's and prospering in 1970's,industrial parks are necessary to go into a route to EIPs guided by eco-industrial theory.EIPs are the typical model for eco-industry's development.There are difference between EIPs in developed countries and our country.Compared to those in developed countries,both the EIPs' developing pattern and micro- operation system in China are different. From the macro-level,presently 26 EIPs are permitted a demonstration such as Guigang,Guangxi Project. However the experiences of marketing are lack for the operation of EIPs.From the micro-level,the EIPs in China can be operated by two levels:(1) company level.Many factories or companies are built closed to a major product in order to form an eco-industrial network.(2) region level.There are no major products here.In one region many companies are related similar to a biological chain.Additionally,in China mostly the government,parks,or communities dominate the companies' entrance into the EIPs by planning policies.The eco-symbiosis is not decided by companies longing for benefits voluntarily.The dissertation mainly discusses the development model and industrial chains for EIPs.It will help the development of circular economy in China.The targets for the study are to provide new ideas for the institutions, evaluations and suggestions for EIPs building.The dissertation mainly studies the following contents:1) The common models for EIPs' development.2) The key points for developing EIPs:industry chains or nets.10 industry chains and 6 eco-industry nets are designed,covering electronic information industry,electronic wastes recyling,quality steel extended products,quality steel recyling chain,accessories for car manufactory,foods storage and processing,medicine making,textile and clothes,articles for outside tours,creative industry,new materials,and information consultation,etc.3) The institution innovation for EIPs' information.4) The performance appraisal for EIPs in forming the circular economy.Excelled the traditional system with multi indexes and hierarchies,the emergy appraisal method is proposed based on the emergy theory and its application in other research fields.Subsiquately,Shanghai Jinshan No.2 Industrial Park is chosen to be appraised by the suggested emergy indexes calculated.After the systematic concluding and qualitative,quantitative analysis,the following conclusions are made:1) According to the methods to use resources,to build EIPs and the status of companies in EIPs,therefore the models of EIPs can be classified.2) EIPs need industrial chains or nets to build circular economy and save resources in driving the sustainable development of cities.3) The institution innovation includes government's supportings,and planning,evaluating,permission, stimulation and caution systems in parks.4) Emergy analysis can be used to appraise the performance of EIPs' circular economy.Emergy analysis calculates the energy flow,material flow,information flow,currency flow and population flow in EIPs,so that the role and positon for EIPs in social and economic system can be indentified.This method further accords with the principles of circular economy.5) The results from the emergy analysis on Shanghai Jinshan No.2 Industrial Park show that in 2005,the emergy of the renewable energy(including the solar and rain energy) is only 0.624%of the park's total emergy used.It is a very small part in this eco-economic system.The emergy of wastes in this park comprises a high propotion,which indicaties the park should reduce its wastes and improve its re-use rates as possible as it can. The rate for emergy self-supply in this park is also very low,indicating its strong dependence on the system outside and the short usage on resources inside.Additionally in 2005 the high density of emergy power of this park shows its high stage in economy development.The features and contributions in the dissertation are:1) The models for EIPs are concluded which is the generalization of the experiences from EIPs development now.2) Following the theory and principles of circular economy,the dissertation designs some industrial chains or nets for EIPs and offers guidance for updated or newly built EIPs,as proves the value of this dissertation.3) Emergy theory was recently developed by H.T.Odum,an ecologist in USA;however it better explains that the energy flow is one of the natures of eco-economic system.Emergy analysis method presently is mostly applied in the macro-analysis and appraisal for agriculture products in some regions or valleys.It is a creativity to apply emergy index in EIPs.The case study in the dissertation shows emergy index is helpful in EIPs' orientation and guidance for EIPs.