Study Of Rural Public Goods Needs Of The Farmers' Perspective

The agriculture sector and the rural households' living standard benefits most from effective supply of the rural public goods.The development of the public goods supply which has been totally observed has gained compelling achievements while it has been gone through twists and turns,but there still exits the supply problems such as insufficiency,irrational structure and inefficiency.Now The Chinese State has promulgated a series of policies which have a significant role in the agriculture,the rural areas and the rural households,and has increased capital investment.In this background,"What should public goods be supplied","how many should public goods be supplied" and "What public goods should be supplied first" are important problems that all sorts and conditions of governments should face.These problems whether can be solved or not and how they can be effectively solved will not only be up to the quantity and quality of public goods supply in the future in rural areas,but also depend on the main provider of public goods - the governments can realize,hold and meet the demands of the rural households.So this article attempts to research on the rural pubic goods demand based on the rural households.Unlike the private goods,the demand for rural public goods can not be reflected through market prices,so it cannot form the incentives or constraints for the providers,which the question derive from in theory are as follows:How to clarify the relationship between the rural public goods supply and demand under the conditions of asymmetric information? how to identify the rural households demand for public goods and the demand strength,what factors to influence them? the path and Hierarchy Process of rural public goods demand how to evolve? the rural households demands for public goods how to be expressed and through what supply system to affect supply? The main task of this paper is to draw on relevant research results at home and abroad,to use utility theory,public goods theory,the attitude - behavior theory,asymmetric information theory and necessary level theory to answer the above-mentioned issues,aimed at enhancing the understanding of the public goods demand,and provide consultants,which would be useful for the governments to supply effectively.Along the above-mentioned problem,the author first discusses the relationship between rural public goods supply and demand under the conditions of asymmetric information,set up the rural public goods supply and demand equilibrium model, based on the rural househoulds,government,community change and the supply system,analyzes the factors which affect the rural public goods supply and demand equilibrium.Second by the selection of rural life sewage treatment facilities that is a representative public good,surveyes 305 rural households deeply in Fujian Province 32 administrative village and ues closed-ended contingent valuation to identify the rural households demand and demand strength,uses factor analysis,multivariable linear regression model and Logistic regression model to find the factors which affect the demand and demand strength.Last based on the rural households' consumption statistics and Fujian rural households survey,complemented by VAR methods and hierarchical clustering analysis,analyses the demand evolution path and hierarchy.The main results expressed as follows:(1) The asymmetric information of demand in rural public goods exits objectively.Under the condition of asymmetric information,the supply and demand equilibrium of the rural public goods conditions rely on two conditions as follows:the comparison of the utility the rural households obtain from the consumption of public goods and the cost he should pay;the comparison of expects the uniform expectance utility the rural households obtain and he can get compensation from the households. The former mainly decided by the cost compensation the government expect to have, the latter mainly decided by the rural households' optimal response which based on the cost - income consideration,affected by varies of factors,the result between the rural households and the government' game actions often lead to the imbalance of supply and demand.(2) Based on the survey,closed-ended contingent valuation can observe the rural households' WTP effectively.Rely on the numerical range of the WTP,we can identify the rural households demand and demand strength.Through the statistical analysis of numerical range,found that the majority of the rural households demand of public goods,as well as their demand strength has biggish difference.The model results show that the rural households demand and their demand strength is mainly affected by the individual and family characteristics such as family income, educational level,villages whether or not to have environmentally sensitive features,whether or not to belong to urban suburbs,the system and the rural households attitude.The results suggest that rural households demand for public goods is a complex process of economic behavior,it is not only affected by the circumstance and the system,but also by the psychological factor such as the rural households attitude.(3) the demand evolution path behaves as follows:demand for public goods such as irrigation and water conservancy and other infrastructure declines to some extent, demand for transportation and communication,health care and agricultural science and technology goes up quickly,demand for public goods such as cultural and educational emerges.At the same time,by the affection from the internal and external surroundings of agriculture,the rural households demand for public goods is prone to wandering to and fro.the demand evolution Hierarchy Process is down the pursuit of maintaining for basic survival→promoting self-development→self-improvement. the majority of farmers are still in a high demand for basic survival public goods;The growth in demand for self-development public goods increase obviously;the demand for self-improvement public goods appears.Starting from the results of the study,the author puts forward the direction of innovation for the supply system which should be based on the rural households demand is:the establishment of an effective convergence of the public goods supply decision-making mechanism;improvement the rural public goods financing system; the establishment of dynamic and flexible financial resources distribution system; reform and perfecting rural public goods input mechanism and financial transfer payment system.The subject of the article is based on the perspective of the rural households, within the framework of rural public goods demand in rural areas the use of relevant theoretical,use correlative theories to solve the foregoing four questions,aiming at enhancing the understanding of harmonizing development in rural public goods supply and demand,in rural areas achieve coordinated development of the of supply and demand.Research on rural public goods demand which is based on the perspective of the rural households is a new field,which has rather large space deploitation and rely on untiring exploration.