Study On Organization Pattern And Efficiency Of Raw Milk Production In China

The dairy industry is a fast developed emerging industry in China. The milk product is not only nutrition rich comprehensive, but also easy to digest and becoming an important food of consumption. The dairy industry surmounts Primary, Secondary and Tertiary industries, has a long chain link and a broad radiating surface, while provides the terminal product for the consumer, it has led the related industries to develop. In recent years, with people living standard's enhancement and the expense idea's transformation, the consumption quantity of milk product has a good rising trend, This change, as well as dairy products, resulting in the rapid development of processing enterprises, has created the giant market space for raw milk production. However, in the development process, the speed of raw milk output grows is lags to the speed of the Processing industry demand grows, which not only causes raw milk product into the bottleneck ,but also has caused the serious quality security problems of the milk product. How to analyze thoroughly the immanent cause of these questions, thereby effectively to solve the present problems, has the important meaning regarding the Chinese dairy industry's healthy development.The supply of raw milk market is unable to meet the demand. That means our country raw milk output is small and the inefficiency, but the basic reason of this phenomenon lie in the overall scale and the organization degree on the cow cultivation is low. Therefore, it is an efficient path for overcoming the raw milk insufficient to analyses and study the present raw milk production's organization pattern in our country, summarize the scientific production method, display the resources and the technical superiority fully and raise vigorously the production efficiency. This paper attempts to explore the inner laws on raw milk production by making the empirical analysis taking cow cultivation key area Inner Mongolia as the spot to give a contrastive analysis of the efficiency in different organization pattern and production method in different area.Industrial organization's pattern and the structure have a great affect to efficiency. In present stage, there are mainly four kinds about raw milk production's organization pattern in our country, namely the peasant family frees-rang pattern, the farm pattern, the breeding plot pattern and the new cooperation pattern. The proportion of peasant family frees-rang pattern is approximately 80%, and it is the biggest, but the organization degree and the management level are low. As a result of the relatively smaller costs, the technical efficiency and the allocative effects are quite lower, the economic efficiency is higher. The breeding plot pattern and the farm pattern accounts for quite smaller proportion, although the organization degree and the management level have greater improvement in turn, the relative cost also increases, the technical efficiency and the allocative effects are quite high and the economic efficiency are quite actually low. The new cooperation pattern just starts, its quantity is few, but as a result of conforming various aspects resources superiority and highest production efficiency, it demonstrates a good prospects.There is certain typical nature in The Inner Mongolian area as our country raw milk production's superiority region. The empirical analysis indicated that the Inner Mongolian dairy industry's development occupies the national leading position, the raw milk production frees-rang by the peasant family primarily, the formalization cultivation has had certain development, The average unit yield per year of grown-up cow in Hohhot is about five tons, overall, the cultivation efficiency is not high. At present, the main factors affecting raw material milk production efficiency are cow variety, cultivation time, the planter's trained degree and the fodder cost. If the cow variety is good, the cultivation time is long, the planter's experiences and technology are better, and they have their fodder base, the cultivation efficiency is quite good, otherwise is quite bad.The natural conditions and elements of production of different zones are different, so will raw milk production pattern and its efficiency. Understanding these characteristics is advantageous in displaying the region superiority, promoting resource to flow and raising the production efficiency. Dairy industrial production region in our country may be divided into Northeast, North China, Northwest, The big city peripheral and South ranges, If one region has the comparatively cool climate and the sufficient feed supply, its raw milk production also develops fast. Although the high production cost in big city's peripheral region, the cow's yield per unit is the highest in the nation for the technology and the management level are good, In a word, the north is raw milk productive superiority region in our country, and the cultivation pattern is frees-rang by the family primarily. There are many large farms in big urban peripheral locality somewhat. The cow's yield level per unit is the big city peripheral, Northeast, North China, South and Northwestern Region in turn from high to low in our country.Besides its interior factors, raw milk production is also influenced by external factors, such as processing industry, country industrial policies and economic globalization. In 2008, the "three deer" event is not an isolated phenomenon, as a result of kinds of factors' long-term function. To solve current dairy industrial problems, we need to analyses its immanent cause from a deep hierarchy. This paper believed that it is very important to solve three problems as fellows: the supply-demand relation in raw milk market, the contractual relationship of the main connection side and integrated management, dairy industrial autonomy and government supervision. Looking forward to the future, it is diligently necessary to study and explore raw milk productive organization pattern in our country and to raise the productive efficiency for the dairy industrial healthy development. We should consummate the new cooperation pattern and realize the integrated management in future.