Analysis Of Industrial Cluster's Network Organization

The role of industrial cluster is becoming more and more important in enhancing the competition of district, and the competitive advantage originates from the coordination effect which is based on interaction among different actors, such as enterprise, local government, industry association and so on inside industrial cluster. But many industry clusters' coordination effect isn't evident because of lack of effective division and collaboration, and many problems also begins to appear. Consequently, how to deepen the acquaintance of industrial cluster and enhance the innovation capability and competitive advantage of industrial cluster is becoming the key issue of industrial cluster's research presently.Industrial cluster is a kind of network organization which is based on division of labor and is formed by enterprises with division of labor and collaboration by each other, correlative organ building all kinds of connections with enterprises to conglomerate in the location. Basing on the definition of industrial cluster, this dissertation takes deduction and reasoning, static and dynamic analysis and case empirical study as main method to analyze industrial cluster, a kind of network organization. In order to make the analysis more systemically, this dissertation establishes the analysis framework of industrial cluster's network organization, that is to say, formation, structure, attribute and governance. The four factors are independent of and at the same time affect each other, which composes the integration of not being divided.The formation of industrial cluster is connected with division of labor consanguineously, and the foundation of industrial cluster formation is that the elementary type of coordination of division of labor evolves to derivative type, that is to say, enterprise network; and in the conglomeration location, enterprise network expands further, building all kinds of connections with other actors, and finally industry cluster,a kind of network oeganization,comes into being. The network organization structure of industrial cluster is compounded division of labor network, and this includes two kinds of meanings. As far as the integration is concerned, industrial cluster is composed of cluster enterprise network and cluster supportive network, and they are indispensable composition of industrial cluster as a kind of networked economic organization. As far as the part is concerned, cluster enterprises network is composed of vertical and horizontal division of labor, which is the core network of industrial cluster; cluster supportive network is formed by the other actors interacting with enterprises which is with different function division of labor and provides resources, infrastructure and the productive factors of knowledge, technology and human resources .As networked organization, industrial cluster is not only with economic attribute, but with social attribute. That is to say, the economic actions among different actors inside industry cluster are affected by socital factor in the conglomeration location, with the characteristics of embeddedness. And moderate embeddedness adds the stability of industrial cluster and makes it possess stronger competitive advantage.Based on the analysis of industry cluster's network organization characteristics: formation, structure, attribute, from the basic concept of governance, this dissertation considers that as a kind of network organization, the meaning of industrial cluster governance is the co-governance that all the actors take part in taking the industry enterprise network as the core, and the aim is to maintain and enhance industry cluster's competitive advantage by maximizing the cluster surplus. As far as the governance framework of industrial cluster, taking the cluster enterprise network as the core, there exists inside and outside governance. And the inside governance is the core of industry cluster governance, while the outside governance is able to enhance the efficiency of inside governance and is the indispensable part of cluster governance. And what's more, the inside governance is affected by the social attribute of industrial cluster's network organization. To some extent,it is the social capital governance of industry cluster. And on the other hand, the inside and outside governance is complementary each other and it is in need of coordination timely. Taking the important governance main body of local government as example, this dissertation analyzes the importance of enhancing the efficiency of industrial cluster by the coordination of inside and outside governance from the static and dynamic perspective.At last, by selecting typical case, this dissertation further validates the discussion of relative issues on analysis of industry cluster's network organization and puts forward the suggestions on industry cluster development. In a word, this dissertation not only takes industry cluster as region economic phenomena forming by enterprises and other actors because of space geographic adjacence, but also takes it as a kind of network organization to study. And this, to some extent, broadens research view of industry cluster and enriches research content of industry cluster; as far as the practice aspect is concerned, the research is with guidance effect to competitive advantage maintenance and elevation of industry cluster.Based on the foundation of research fruit before, the innovation points of this dissertation can be generalized as follows:Firstly, this dissertation constructs analysis framework of industrial cluster network's organization. Industrial cluster is a kind of network organization which is based on division of labor and is formed by enterprises with division of labor and collaboration by each other, correlative organ building all kinds of connections with enterprises to conglomerate in the location. Based on the definition industrial cluster, by the theory of division, enterprise network and embeddedness theory to analyze network organization of industrial clusters, on the one hand it is on industry clueter's network characteristic, that is to say, how the network organization of industry cluster is formed, what the network organization structure inside industry cluster is, what industry cluster's network organization attribute is. On the other hand, if organization can operation by the orderly and forecasting ways there exists organization order adaptive to it to maintain it, so as to solve all kinds of problems, and this deals with the governance issue of industry cluster. As mentioned above, the four points constitute the framework of industry cluster's network organization: formation, structure, attribute and governance.Secondly, this dissertation puts forward the network organization structure model of industrial cluster. The network organization structure of industry cluster is a kind of compounded division of labor network. That is to say, as far as the integration is concerned, industrial cluster is composed of cluster enterprise network which is in the core and cluster supportive network which is in the periphery; as far as the part is concerned, cluster enterprises network is composed of vertical and horizontal division of labor, and cluster supportive network is formed by the other actors which is with different function division of labor.Thirdly, this dissertation puts forward the governance framework of industrial cluster based on network organization. As a kind of network organization, the governance foundation of industrial cluster is the three-dimensional governance logic of relationship, interaction and synergy in order to coordinate the division of labor among different actors; taking the cluster enterprise network as the core, there exists inside and outside governance. And the inside governance is the core of industry cluster governance, while the outside governance is able to enhance the efficiency of inside governance and is the indispensable part of cluster governance. Inside the industry cluster's network organization, there is no governance body which is sufficiently authoritative to play the role of central contracting person, so the governance body is all the actors inside industry cluster. And what's more, the inside governance is affected by the social attribute of industrial cluster's network organization. To some extent it is the social capital governance of industry cluster.