Adaptability Of Industrial Ecological System Of Mining Cities In Northeast China

Adaptation analysis is an effective tool not only for studying global environmental changes but also for studying sustainable development, and it also provides a new paradigm for the study of interaction mechanisms and processes of coupled industrial ecosystem. The adaptation of regional industrial ecosystem manifests the adjustment ability, learning ability and flexibility of industrial system under the pressure of development environmental changes as well as the redevelopment capacity and the dynamic competitiveness. Therefore, regional industrial ecosystem is the carrier and the content of regional sustainable development; the process of strengthening adaptable capacity means the process of promoting regional sustainable development, which constructs an important task for studying regional sustainable development. The formation and development of mining cities highly rely on natural resources, which endow their industrial ecosystem a remarkable characteristic of interacting and restricting between industry and ecology, and the harmonious development between them has become an urgent problem in the sustainable development of mining cities. There are a lot of mining cities in Northeast China, which approach their middle-age or old-age of resources exploitation. Facing with their disappearing superior status in resources, problems, such as how to adjust the industrial ecosystem to the possible changes in the future and how to enhance their sustainability in developing mining cities, become urgent in revitalizing the old industrial base of Northeast China.This dissertation makes a case study on 14 prefecture mining cities in Northeast China, by adopting the paradigm of adaptability study; then based upon a profound study on the features of their industrial ecosystem and mature degree, this dissertation makes quantitative study on their adaptable capacity of industrial ecosystem in Northeast China. Furthermore, it puts forward the adaptation mechanism, adaptation model and regulating strategies of mining cities in Northeast China. The main contents of the dissertation are as follows:Firstly, based on the survey and analysis of relevant researches on progress of adaptation, industrial ecosystem and mining cities at home and abroad, this dissertation defines an establishes the framework of industrial ecosystem in mining cities, which considers that the industrial ecosystem consists of four sub-systems --- resources-environmental system, original industrial system, ex-industrial system and synchronic industrial system. Then it explains the connotation and the characteristics of industrial ecosystem in mining cities, and configures an adaptation framework with adaptation objects, adaptation subjects and adaptation behavior involved. This part provides an instruction for adaptation analysis of industrial ecosystem in mining cities of Northeast China, which constitutes the overall guideline and framework of this dissertation.Secondly, this dissertation makes a profound study on the trend of industrial ecosystem changes based on the analysis of resources-environment basis, economic system and macroscopic strategic environment after an introduction to the survey and development trend of mining cities in Northeast China. Then it analyzes the development characteristics and the stages of these cities. The remarkable characteristics include the structure singleness, the highly resources consumption, the structure vulnerability and the function vulnerability. And the development stages of the industrial ecosystem have experienced the single industry, the industrial chain, the simple industrial network, and the network recycle industry. Based upon the above study, this dissertation appraises quantitatively its growth degree, and finds out the low development level of industrial ecosystem of mining cities in Northeast China. From the distribution of resources,the differentiation characteristic of industrial ecosystem of mining cities in Northeast China displays the features of metallurgy type> multi-resources type > coal type > petroleum type. From its stage of development, it shows a decreasing tendency from middle-aged stage, old stage to young stage. From the distribution of space, it shows the decreasing tendency from Liaoning province, Jilin province to Heilongjiang province. This part provides the evidence for adaptability appraisement, adaptation mechanism analysis, adaptation model and regulating strategies constructing the industrial ecosystem of mining cities in Northeast China.Thirdly, based on the aspects of adaptation factors, adaptation purpose and investment return, this dissertation establishes the appraisal model of adaptable capacity of industrial ecosystem in mining cities, and depicts the different characteristics and rules of the industrial ecosystem of mining cities in Northeast China from the aspects of resource types, development stages, city sizes and spatial distribution. Then a cluster analysis method is applied in this study to categorize the industrial ecosystems into four types --- high adaptability, harmonious development between industry and ecology, middle adaptability and roughly harmonious development between industry and ecology, low adaptable capacity and environmental development first, middle adaptability and lagged industrial development.Finally, in light of strategy adaptability mechanism, structure adaptability mechanism and environment adaptability mechanism, the dissertation proposes some adaptation driving mechanisms for the industrial ecosystem of mining cities in Northeast China, and from the perspective of structural reorganization and structural optimization, it also proposes the adaptability models of industrial ecosystem of mining cities in this region including industrial extended model, industrial reformation model and industrial regeneration model. And then according to the connotations of the different models, it defines the applicable scope of each model. Based upon the discussed above, strategies of each regulating mechanisms are presented for enhancing adaptability of mining cities.