| Knowing and understanding the earth system is crucial to enhancing social and economic development sustainably. Earth Observation (EO) can improve our understanding of earth-system processes. This requires an EO system with many technical dimensions including multi-band multi-angle, multiple spatial dimensions and at several different temporal frequencies. Moreover the system must be long-lasting and hence operational. Clearly such a gigantic undertaking can not be done by any single country. The study of earth observation is now changing from single independent subject to a comprehensive system based on the integration of multiple subjects. Based on the related theories, this dissertation systematically analyzes the current status and patterns of international cooperation by exploring the characteristics and contemporary changes in global Science and Technology (S&T) cooperation in EO. The dissertation also provides recommendations to the Chinese government in the development of strategic plans and policies in this area.Discussing international cooperation from varied perspectives developed from several managerial theories, this study indicates the necessity of global collaboration in EO. It is important to study the dynamic mechanism and operational pattern of international S&T cooperation for exploring innovation mechanisms in EO area in China. This study points out that the motivations to drive countries to collaborate are the limitation and un-creation of resource, political alliance, demands of economic development and globalization environment; also important are the related 6 types of momentum of politics, finance, intellectual capacity, environment, location and science & technology. By comparable analyses the social activities represented by gravity theory, this study creatively proposes a quantitative model for calculating the scale of motivation of cooperation. Auther creatively proposed a four-dimensional conceptual model of international S&T cooperation in this paper. In term of participants and motivation, the writer categorizes the collaboration patterns into four groups:one-orientation dominant bilateral cooperation; equal and win-win bilateral cooperation; one-dominant multi-cooperation; polypoly multi-cooperation. On the basis of the theory of analytic hierarchy processes (AHP), this study establishes a model to unveil the relationship between patterns and momentums, which can provide assistance to policy-makers in making decision on cooperation patterns.Given the situation in China, one of main points studied in this dissertation is to develop the strategies coping with the challenges in change in global circumstances by analysis of the current status of international cooperation in EO, points out that the cooperation in the EO area appears to derive from the tendency of long term, multi-cooperation, integration of S&T with economy and trade, including more high technology. This research brings forward to Chinese government recommendations on how China should be involved in and contribute to international cooperation in EO area. By comparing and analyzing, this dissertation stresses that enhancement of international collaboration in EO needs to start with establishing new strategic goals, new organization, policy and especially security system for intellectual capital and finance. Through theoretical analysis and using historical evidence of international programs, it proposes a new innovation mechanism which is a kind of inter-organizational liaison system playing the role of coordination and administration. By being aware of the essential role of a security system, it recommends the formulation of new corresponding policy and regulations to instruct and manage the activities of international S&T cooperation in the EO area.
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