Research On The Risk Management Of Special Equipment

Qua one of the important composing parts of the production safety, safety supervision of special equipment in China has made remarkable achievements by long-term unremitting efforts. As the symbol of the achievements, serious or outsize production safety accidents have been kept within limits effectively, and the total number of the production safety accidents has been controlled effectively. But so far, the domestic accident ratio of special equipment is still 5 to 10 times higher than that in the developed countries in the world. Consequently, the domestic safety situation of special equipment is still austere. In order to enhance the validity of the safety supervision so that the objectives of pledging safety and accelerated development could be realized, the theory research on the safety management of special equipment must be strengthened. Therefore, the theories on safety system engineering and risk management have been introduced into the safety supervision of special equipment. According to the principium, program and method of the risk management, the identification of major hazard, the risk evaluation and the risk control has been studied systemically in this article.The article began with an introduction on current overseas and domestic research status on major hazard identification, and discussed issues related to the identifying standards. Applying semi-ration method, based on the design of identifying mathematics model as well as the affirmance of identifying radix, modulus, index and threshold value, the basic frame of the identifying standard of special equipment's major hazard is completed creatively. As technical statute, the identifying standard is able to provide practical and operational criteria and guidance for actual identifying behaviors of special equipment's major hazard.Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) possesses synchronously the scientificalness of qualitative analysis and the veracity of quantitative analysis, and enables the decision-maker to analyse in models and quantification methods. Utilizing the specialty of AHP, and recurring to AHP as an effective systems analysis mathematics tool, the risk evaluation system of special equipment has been studied systemically by the author. The risk evaluation hierarchy model and the evaluating mathematics models in accordance with special equipment's characteristics have been brought forward. Based upon the evaluating method, combining with the risk acceptable rule, the special equipment's risks are classified into five grades. The research has been very instrumental in providing practical criteria and guidance for special equipment's classified supervision and management.In the mean while, this article also made in-depth research and analysis on the accident-causing theory of special equipment based on the collected statistic data as well as the causes derived from the analysis of accidents of special equipment in the previous years. And the accident's cause and effect linkage model of special equipment is therefore suggested and completed. The Risk Avoidance, Accident Prevention and Emergency Management on special equipment are expatiated thoroughly in this study, so as to provide a fundamental theory and a practice guidance to special equipment's safety supervision and risk control.