| Since 1990s, economic development of China has made great progress covering a relatively high GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and growth rate with an average economic growth rate of over 8% per year. However, energy consumption was also increasing rapidly during the corresponding time, coupled with energy supply state from the balanced to relying on import and serious environmental pollution, as well as the population growth aggravating the status. All above has hindered the social-economic development in China. Under the current status, renewable energy with low emisions, including forest biomass energy will play an important role in the energy structure transforming from a single set to the diversity.Bioenergy power generation is a high-efficiency way of forest biomass utilization. As far as the wood biomass supply logistics, power conversion technology and electricity marketing, it has made a lot of achievements in some developed countries of North America and Europe. There are many advantages of developing forest bioenergy power in China as follows:(1) the biomass fuel is renewable and from the plantation species of drought and barren tolerance; (2) it will not complicate with agriculture in land using; (3) it can improve the ecological environment; (4) it can offer employment opportunities; and (5) it can bring along the development of the poor countriside etc. As well, China is abundant in forest biomass energy resource and suitable land for energy plantation, which is the most important resource base for the developing forest biomass power generation. Progress is being made with the establishment of several small-scale projects under the relevant policy support and China's central government predicts its power-generating capacity using agricultural and forest bioenergy will be some 24 GW by 2020.The relevant study has shown that now it is the time to develop the forest power generation in China. However, there are few successful cases or project experience in China on forest biomass using for power generation. The industrialization and development of the forest biomass power has been restricted largely because of behindhand feedstock, immatural forest fuel market and high cost of forest biomass supply. The study is carried out on the form of the forest biomass power generation and its feedstock which is based on the whole energy strategy of China and principal theories on industy development and resource allocation.The main conclusions of the study are involved as follows:(1) The required conditions of the forest biomass power generation has been satisfied basically in China, including the technology, economic, resource and market conditions. And the development process will experience three periods such as small-scale phase, project-promotion phase and industrial development phase. (2) China is abundant in forest resource gross and after it plays the forest necessary function there are still a lot of wood residues left in forest land, which will be the main raw material source of the forest biomass power generation. The resource consists of brances of shrub coppicing, logging residuces of commercial forest and fuelwood forest, as well as the special energy forest plantation in the future. Distribution of the forest biomass resource for bioenergy varies greatly in different places of China, which is proved by the estimation results from all provinces. (3) Raw material supply system is constructed in the study including the production line and supply logistics, which brings forward three production lines according the chipping location, such as'forest chipping',' ollection site chipping' nd'power plant chipping', as well, three supply models'direct purchase','collection site set' ard'energy plantation'are also coming based on the acquisition mode and the orgazation. (4) Economic analysis of the forest biomass supply for power generation are carried out by the'engineering economic approach'. Marginal cost is as the key element and the cost mode of raw material supply is constructed in this part, which indicates the relationship between the supply scale and the cost. And the cost structure also shows the varieties of equipments applied, wood fuel types and geography and transportation conditions. (5) And based on the theoratical conclusions derived in above (3) and (4), two-case study is carried out in Naimanqi and Arxan of Inner mongolia, China. (6) Economic feasibility of forest biomass power generation project indicates that the overall economic of the project is in a low level and that the forest biomass power cost is than that from fossil fuel. So the government support will be very necessary in early stage. And (7) analysis on industrial distribution and prioritization areas selection is based on distribution of forest resource available for bioenegy power generation, as well as local labor, transportation and electricity demand factors, and the evaluation results elicit that there are four classes of areas in China and Inner mongolia, Sichuan and Yunan province are list into the first class as optimun areas for forest biomass power generation.
|
PDF Full Text Request