A Study On Running Of Consulting Institutions In Science And Technology Fields Through Province And Ministry

Under contemporary context of the global new public administration movement, consulting institutions in science-technology management (STM) between province and ministry is growing rapidly in STM practice in China. Consulting institutions is a new management style and operation mechanism under new feature of modern society, social background and STM practices. This management innovation and institutional innovation reflects the pattern of China's administrative reform and development.In new era, consulting institutions has important significance both at theoretical level and practical level. Theoretically, consulting institutions is an effective governance model which is helpful to develop inter-governmental relations theory, expand the scope of deliberative democracy, innovate STM policy and build effective science-technology governance pattern. Moreover, the institutions play an increasingly important role in the following aspects, such as regional science-technology progress and economic groth, regional innovation capacity and national innovation system.The runing of the institutions constitutes of mainly six aspects which includes definition and overview of present of the institutions of consulting, influencial foctors, dynamical power, operational process, balance state and improving measures.Based on different perspectives, consulting institutions could be considered as different connotation such as policy instruments, institutional arrangements and governance model. Practically, of consulting institutions has been undergoing three stages: initial period, developing period and mature period. In the running of the institutions, it is emboding some new trends such as diverse subject, flexible mechanism and paying increasing attention on top-level design. At present, consulting institutions have some most prominent features such as local government initiativing, two-way interactive nature and bilateral mutual adaptation, highlighting regional content in consulting process and synergies of innovation system.In consulting process,the consulting issues are influencial by some factors.There have eight influence foctors in four aspects such as economic strength and science-technolog input, geographical conditions and resource situation, science-technology base and industrial advantages, development strategy and science-technology plan. Based on relevance of these influencial foctors, consulting institutions is a result of coupling of these influencial foctors. Consulting institutions has its own intrinsic motivation. Based on essential coherence of policy and institutions, consulting institutions in STM between province and ministry has the driving force elements as the same as public science and technology policy which has integrated framework of the endogenous factors. From the theoretical and practical point of view, consulting institutions has main dynamic elements such as the supply of a social system environment, the integration development needs of science-technology and economy, the restructuring of government relations between central and local governments, STM system mechanisms intrinsic evolution as well as the urgent requirement for optimal allocation of resources. Consulting institutions in STM between province and ministry is a result of these multi-source dynamic factors.Relatively, the operational process of consulting institutions includes four stages: cumulative basis for the work, information collection and diagnosis, decision-making and decomposition and implementation, performance feedback and interaction evolution. At the same time, the different stage includes corresponding content and links. In the first phase, it mainly includes the local economic strength and sci-technological input, the local sci-technology base and sci-technological progress, local planning and policies and measures for sci-technologe. In the second phase, it includes the main types of consulting information, consulting information sources, information collection and diagnosis. In the third stage, it includes determining the issues of consulting, decision-making through consulting platform, consulting agreement decomposition and cooperation and implementation. In the fourth phase, it mainly includes assessment for consulting system, performance feedback of consulting system and interactive route map of consulting.The running of consulting institutions exists unbalanced phenomena mainly manifested in two aspects:institutional arrangements unbalanced and institutional structuree unbalanced while the main root factor is the supply and demand factors and interest factors. To achieve the balanced state, we should take a policy tool, namely, a system road map strategy in consulting which include national road map for guiding in consulting, regional road map for docking in consulting, sectoral collaborative road map in consulting, and the subjective road map of enterprise in consulting and service road map of the third sector in consulting.At present, consulting institutions has some deficiencies in operation; this innovative system still needs to be perfected. Response measures should be proposed to improve the current institutions of consulting which include a multi-participation network system in consulting, a new type of inter-government democratic consulting process, a science-technology governance model of inter-government network.Through learning and complex path selection,the institutions of consulting will go towards inter-government network science-technology governance from cooperation.The governance model mainly includes the diverse participation subjects, inter-government network relations, democratic consulting process, systematical governance structure and common governance objectives.