| At present, our country is at the medieval stage of industrialization and its urbanization develops quickly. The economic and social development has made great achievements and our GDP becomes No. three in the whole world. However, our country still has very serious problems of agriculture, farmer and rural area. The situation of "farmers being really poor, rural area being very difficult and agriculture being very dangerous" has not been changed fundamentally and the urban-rural gap is still very large. In 2007, the urban households'disposable income was 13,785.8 Yuan but that of the rural area was only 4,140.4 Yuan. The absolute income gap between urban and rural residents was 9,645.4 Yuan and their income ratio was 3.33. If we take the farmers'input of production and various kinds of subsidies enjoyed by the urban residents into consideration, the urban-rural gap will be larger. Moreover, the urban and rural gap shows a widening trend.Both the economic theories and international experience show that a large urban and rural gap and the uncoordinated urban and rural economic development will hinder the sustainable and rapid development of the national economy. Especially to such a big agricultural country as China, there will be no stability and comprehensive progress of the whole society without the stability and comprehensive progress of the rural area; there will be no well-off of the whole Chinese people without the well-off of the farmers; there will be no modernization of the whole national economy without the modernization of agriculture. The problems about agriculture, rural area and farmers are the most fundamental ones in the social and economic development of China. Today, because of subjective and objective reasons, the urban-rural economic development of our country is extremely unbalanced. Compared to that of urban area, the economic and social development of rural area lags behind, and this has negative impacts on the coordinated and orderly development of our national economy. Therefore, how to narrow down the urban and rural gap and coordinate the urban and rural development to protect the sustainable and quick development of the national economy today when the national economy develops quickly and the processes of urbanization and industrialization are sped up becomes a holistic and strategic research topic.It has aroused the full attention of Chinese Communist Party and Chinese government. The Third Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee, in "Decisions of the Central Committee of Chinese Communist Party on Issues Concerning to Perfect the Socialist Market Economy System", has pointed out that the requirement of "overall planning the urban and rural development, overall planning regional development, overall planning economic and social development, overall planning the harmonious development between human and nature and overall planning the domestic development and opening" and it placed the coordinated urban and rural development at the first position among them. Then the Fourth Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee, in "Decisions of the Central Committee of Chinese Communist Party on Strengthening the Party's Administration Ability", has put forward the task of "building a harmonious socialist society", which demands to narrow down the urban-rural gap, to promote the harmonious urban and rural development. In order to promote the rural development, the Fifth Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee has proposed the important historical task of constructing the socialist new countryside.In June, 2007, the state council formally approved that Chengdu and Chongqing was set up as the national overall-planned urban-rural comprehensive reform pilot area. And it required Chengdu and Chongqing, starting from their practice; to promote the institutional reform in all the fields, to make breakthrough in important areas and key parts, to make innovations bravely and to quickly form institutions and mechanisms of overall-planned urban and rural development, which will promote the coordinated development of urban and rural economy and society, will deepen Chinese reform and will function as a leading model to achieve the harmonious development and scientific development.Therefore, to explore the regularities of the urban-rural development and to study the mechanisms of overall-planned urban-rural development will help us to understand the nature of urban-rural relation better and clarify the deep causes of the unbalanced urban-rural development; will help us to deal with the urban-rural relation scientifically, to guide the reform practice of the urban-rural development efficiently and to promote the coordinated development of urban-rural economy and society. Therefore, this paper, taking the national overall-planned urban-rural comprehensive reform pilot area Chengdu as an example, studies about the mechanisms of overall-planned urban-rural development.Based on theories of Regional Economics, Spatial Economics and Development Economics, this paper which aims to "construct harmonious socialist society" and to "overall plan urban-rural development" elaborates in-depth the connotation of overall-planned urban-rural development, its features and the relations among the relative concepts. This paper, combing the empirical study and normative analysis method, studies the principles and mechanisms of overall-planned urban-rural development and analyzes the present situation and overall-planned mechanism problems of Chengdu as the national overall-planned urban-rural comprehensive reform pilot area.The arrangement of the main content of this paper and its structure are as follows.Chapter one is the introduction, which includes the background of the topic selection, the significance of this study, the review about the domestic and foreign researches, the research idea, the research methods and the main new points and weak ones.Chapter two is the theoretical basis of the overall-planned urban-rural development. It firstly clarifies the concept of overall-planned urban-rural development and discusses the understanding of the connotation of overall-planned urban-rural development; it analyzes in-depth the relationship among the overall-planned urban-rural development, urban integration, urban-rural coordinated development and many other related theories; and it summarizes the principles of overall-planned urban-rural development. After that, it elaborates Marx's urban-rural development theory and explores such fundamental theories as Overall-planned Urban-Rural Development Stage Theory, Unbalanced Development Theory and Balanced Development Theory and so on, which form the theoretical basis of this paper.Chapter three is the mechanism analysis of overall-planned urban-rural development. It firstly defines clearly the concepts of mechanism and overall-planned urban-rural development mechanism and elaborates the relationship between overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms and overall-planned urban-rural development institutions; then, it analyzes in-depth the functions of market-oriented resource allocation mechanisms, spatial function mechanisms, public goods supplication mechanisms and social security mechanisms in the overall-planned urban-rural development and tries to construct a "Four in One" theoretical analysis framework of overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms.Chapter four is about the present situation of overall-planned urban-rural development and the existing problems of its mechanisms. After describing the economic profile of Chengdu, it mainly analyzes the process, stages and economic problems of the overall-planned urban-rural development of Chengdu; and basing on the economic conditions of overall-planned urban-rural development, it elaborates the main problems of the overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms of Chengdu.Chapter five is the exploration of Chengdu's overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms. It studies and summarizes the practical exploration of Chengdu about market-oriented resource allocation mechanisms, spatial function mechanisms, public goods supplication mechanisms and social securities mechanisms; and it analyzes and evaluates the performance and efficiency of all these mechanisms.Chapter six tries to improve the overall-planned mechanisms and to promote the overall-planned urban-rural development. Based on the practical experience of Chengdu's overall-planned urban-rural development, this part, starting from Chinese reality, proposes specific suggestions to the market-oriented resource allocation mechanisms of overall-planned urban-rural development, to its public goods supplication mechanisms, to its social securities mechanisms and to its spatial functional mechanisms respectively, which will promote the overall-planned urban-rural development more efficiently.This paper absorbing the previous related studies makes tentative tries in the following aspects.1. Theoretically speaking, this paper, based on careful studies about the related theories of overall-planned urban-rural development of Regional Economics, Spatial Economics and Development Economics, elaborates in-depth the connotation of overall-planned urban-rural development and its relations to and differences from urbanization, urban-rural integration, coordinated urban-rural development; at the same time, it clarifies the relations between the overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms and the overall-planned urban-rural development institutions, discusses in depth the functions of various mechanisms in the overall-planned urban-rural development. All this, in some degree, will deepen the understanding of overall-planned urban-rural development theories.2. To the study perspective and idea, this paper on the basis of the previous related study combines the time dimension with the space dimension and studies the overall-planned urban-rural development from the perspective of mechanisms; and it constructs the systematic "Four in One" analysis framework of overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms which includes the market-oriented resource allocation mechanisms, spatial function mechanisms, public goods supplication mechanisms and social securities mechanisms.3. Empirically speaking, it analyzes in detail the process, stages, economic features of overall-planned urban-rural development of Chengdu as the national overall-planned urban-rural comprehensive reform pilot area and the major problems of overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms; then, it carefully analyzes and evaluates the exploration made by Chengdu about the overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms and its achievements; after that, it proposes suggestions for improving the overall-planned urban-rural development mechanisms. For example, the market-oriented resource allocation mechanisms will be improved by constructing population circulation mechanisms, land transfer mechanisms and optimized capital allocation mechanisms to raise the efficiency of economic development; the public goods supply mechanism will be improved by constructing the raising mechanism of public finance, the allocation mechanisms of public finance, the decision-making mechanisms of public goods supply, the regulatory mechanisms of public goods investment, the efficient use mechanism of public goods to promote the equalization of urban-rural public services. This paper will be helpful to understand and grasp the inner rules of overall-planned urban-rural development and will be of great value and theoretical significance for the overall-planned urban-rural development practice.
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