| â… :Innovatial Space Agglomeration and High-tech Industrial Development ZoneInnovation has more characteristics of space agglomeration than product. The certain regions where innovation space clusters are innovative parks. Once the innovative cluster forms, it will strengthen itself and had strong stability which is not transferred easily under the self-reinforcing mechanism and increasing returns and spillover mechanisms of knowledge. High-tech industrial development zone is not only new industrial space but new innovative space and technology culture community, and it has three attributes of space which form triple helix space structure under interaction and crossing. Such space attributes are decided by the nature and characteristics of high-tech industrial development zone. High-tech industrial development zone is the territorial complex of high-tech and industry burdening the research and development and hatching and production of high-tech products and promoting the commercialization and industrialization of high-tech achievements. The ultimate cause of high-tech industrial development zones'form and development is the characteristics of current world high-tech and economy and the transferring of competition ways which make enterprises and universities and science research units and governments have urgent demands to high-tech industrial development zones. Creative thinking and foundation and innovation are the essence of high-tech industrial development zones'existence and development. And the basic functions of high-tech industrial development zones are researching and developing and hatching high-tech products, cultivating innovative enterprises and developing high-tech industries.II:The Background and Meaning of China National High-tech Industrial Development Zones Improving Self-Innovation Ability and Constructing Innovative ZoneViewed from national macroscopic strategy, improving self-innovation ability and constructing innovative country is the core of national development strategy, and the key of enhancing overall national strength, and the key link of adjusting industrial structure and transforming economic development models. China national high-tech industrial development zones are the strong engine of transforming economic development models and regional pivot. China national high-tech industrial development zones are notified by the State Council aiming for the formation and development of high-tech and high-tech industry. Since the State Council's approval of the first national high-tech industrial development zone (Beijing Experimental Zone for the Development of New Technology Industries) in 1988, China had 56 national high-tech industrial development zones by the end of 2009. Over the past 20 years, national high-tech industrial development zones have been the important bases of clustering innovation resources and cultivating innovative enterprises and building the environment for innovation and start-up and promoting technology achievement transformation and developing high-tech industries. They are the fastest-growing economy and most active regions, and important strengths of leading China's modernization construction. And they make active contribution for promoting economic development models transformation and taking new industrialization road, and explore a development road of high-tech industries with Chinese characteristics. According to theory of developing by Stages, on the whole, China national high-tech industrial development zones are in the transformation from industry-led stage to innovation-broken stage. In such situation, national high-tech industrial development zones are very likely to be constructed into innovative industrial zones with denser innovation atmosphere and more outstanding self-innovation ability. It is no doubt that the important value of national high-tech industrial development zones'existence and development is to reflect the state will and burden the state mission and commit the state aim under new situation, viewed from the need of national strategy or new development stage of high-tech industrial development zone. While realizing the above point, China national high-tech industrial development zones must take improving self-innovation ability as the core of a second start-up and take constructing innovative zones as the overall of a second start-up. â…¢:The Ressence and Making up of Self-innovation Ability of High-tech Industrial Development Zones,and the Concept and Standard of Innovative Industrial ZonesPut forward according the need of our national strategy, self-innovation ability is a concept, which aims at our excessively dependent on technology import while lack of original technology and core technology and key technology during the development of economy, and mainly emphasizes self-regulated innovation and the leading and control of technology in order to build the abilities of self-research and development and self-dominated intellectual property rights. Self-innovation ability of high-tech industrial development zones is comprehensive ability system clustering and allocating resources and transferring innovation ideas to new products and new technology and new services and realize market value, which aim at strengthening core competitive capacity of high-tech industrial development zones, and base on technology ability of high-tech industrial development zones, and make enterprises, universities and colleges, research institutes, technology intermediate services, financial institutes, governments and other innovation behavior organizations main bodies within the regional scope high-tech industrial development zones. Essentially, regional self-innovation ability of high-tech industrial development zones is system network innovation ability which is made up of enterprise self-innovation ability and cluster self-innovation ability. Enterprise self-innovation ability is the base forming the self-innovation ability of high-tech industrial development zones, while cluster self-innovation ability is the key forming self-innovation ability of high-tech industrial development zones. Meanwhile, the interaction of enterprise self-innovation ability and cluster self-innovation ability promoting the evolution of regional self-innovation ability of high-tech industrial development zones.The core of innovative industrial zones concept is to realize innovation-driven economy in innovative industrial zones which is endogenous economic growth model, that is taking innovation especially self-innovation as basic strategy direction, and taking innovation as main drive for industrial development, and taking innovation economy development as dominant economic type of industrial zones, and taking dense innovation and start-up atmosphere as core concept for the industrial zones' environmental construction, which make industrial zones have efficient abilities of gaining innovative value and supporting regional innovative development and strong sustainable development. The character of innovation industrial zones are the growth poles of regional innovation, and the sources of new industries, and the birthplace of propagating new enterprises, and the grow place of cultivating leader enterprises, and the innovation place of new economic model and new system and new culture. The inner structure of innovation industrial zones can be divided into three levels-innovative organization and innovative cluster and innovative economy. The standard of innovative industrial zones is whether they have innovative clusters, concretely speaking, mainly used the abundance of innovation elements, and the perfection of carriers and organizations, and the vitality of derivation and innovation, and the network prosperity of displaying the efficiency of innovation elements, and the mechanism and atmosphere of innovation and cooperation.IV:The Theory Framework of C-I-H Coupling and InteractionThe theories of improving self-innovation ability and constructing innovative industrial zones of China national high-tech industrial development zones are composed of endogenous economic growth theory, industrial cluster theory, regional innovative system theory, and the theories of pole and spatial expansion and three participation and incubator and network organization and so on. In view of theoretical basement of high-tech industrial development zones'existence and development, the theoretical frameworks of improving self-innovation ability and constructing innovative industrial zones of China national high-tech industrial development zones are the theories of industrial cluster and innovative system and C-I-H coupling and interaction. The basic connotation of this theory is industrial cluster and innovative system and C-I-H coupling and interacting and recycling and accumulating through geographical proximity and industrial proximity and innovative proximity and social proximity by the perfection of industrial cluster mechanism and innovative system and environmental construction of high-tech industrial zones, which produces the abilities of coupling and interaction and recycle and accumulation turning from weakness to strength and forms the innovative system of coupling and interaction. This will promote the evolution of developing patterns of high-tech industrial zones from low level to high level, and construct innovative cluster competitiveness and new formation of innovative industrial zones.The elements of C-I-H coupling and interaction include reliance elements and contact elements and incentives elements and main body elements. Reliance elements mean resource and production element which is depended on during C-I-H coupling and interaction, including matter resource and non-matter resource and knowledge and information and technology and talent and labor and capital and etc. Contact elements mean contracts connecting all kinds of reliance elements, including explicit contracts and implicit contracts and etc. Incentives elements mean motivation elements promoting the communication between knowledge and technology and information and talent and capital and etc. Main body elements mean organizations and individuals which can be called as government, industry, university, study, intermediate and capital. The motivation during C-I-H coupling and interaction can be divided into self-response motivation and human-caused response motivation according to motivation sources. Response from response motivation means the coupling and interaction motivation produced by the nature evolution and self-organization between industrial clusters and innovative systems and high-tech industrial zones. Human-caused response motivation means the combination and harmony accomplished by the dependence on human-caused ways. If viewed from the main bodies of motivation, C-I-H coupling and interaction is mainly the motivation demand from enterprises in industrial clusters, universities and science and research institutes in innovative systems, governments in the construction of high-tech industrial zones. C-I-H coupling and interaction is not stable and close, so the connecting link between them is indispensable which is the realizing tools of value exchange within main bodies. There are two kinds of links, and one is talent, labor, product, information and market, and the other is interactive interface platforms.Viewed from system formation, C-I-H can form new system formation-HCIS through continuous coupling and interaction. HCIS has obvious character of complicate system, and it integrates and optimizes all resources and strengths from the industrial clusters, innovative systems and the geography space of high-tech industrial zones. HCIS makes all elements'arrangement and combination in good situation and gains higher innovation output efficiency than common industrial clusters or common regional innovative systems, which accommodates to the technology innovation model transformation from linear innovation model to network integration innovation model. On the other hand, C-I-H is a new cluster organization-innovative cluster formation through continuous coupling and interaction viewed from organization formation. Innovative cluster bases on industrial cluster, and takes innovation as drive, and composes of innovative enterprises, research institutes, universities, venture investment institutes and intermediates. Innovative cluster has innovative cluster advantage and has open and interactive innovative network with the characters of abundant knowledge spillover and technology transfer and learning. Compared with industrial cluster, universities and innovation service industries and so-called research and technology developing companies are the key components of innovative cluster. Innovative cluster has the characters of strong network, super fluidity, dense input of R&D, the density of high level elements, the effect of output and spillover of abundant knowledge, more close connection between science and technology and richer social capital. Meanwhile, the output aim of innovative cluster is no more better product and producing efficiency improvement, but takes invisible product such as knowledge property rights and new technology as the basic output and aims at the enhancement of innovation ability and timely commercialization of innovative achievements.â…¤:Based on the Theory Framework of C-I-H Coupling and Interaction, the Realizing Paths of Enhancing the Independent Innovation Capacity and Building an Innovative ParkBased on the C-I-H, in order to enhance the independent innovation capacity and build an innovative park, we may take the following paths. Firstly, we should adopt a "three-stage" approach to promote the growth path of the main micro-enterprises. That's to say, we may foster the business activity of entrepreneurship, cultivate the development capacity of the high-growth small-and-medium enterprises, train the international competitiveness of the large high-tech companies. Secondly, we take the path of cultivating the competitiveness of industrial clusters by means of the "five changes". That's, the five changes is the following, promoting the industrial clusters from the model of the general changes to the characteristics, changing the industrial clusters from the "get-together" to the division of labor cooperation mechanism, developing the industrial clusters from the low-end to high-end change, promoting the industry cluster changing from the individual and organizational learning to the clustering learning status, promoting the industrial clusters changing from production-driven to innovation-driven. Thirdly, we take the path of building "one great body and five platforms" to build the innovation system path. Namely, the one great body is to build a major tech business incubator. The five platforms is to build innovative platform for high-end elements, independent platform for innovation and technology, investment and financing service platform, the technology intermediary service platform, and the research platform for the production and learning. Fourthly, we take the path to promote high-tech zones by means of building a new park. When the national high-tech industrial development zones develop into a new stage, they should construct the new parks form. In the new park's shape, the innovation-based economy is the main features and the core competitiveness. However, the innovation-based economy is not an isolated economy status, but a comfortable community environment, and the high-tech integrated community with the strong social inclusion and community co-management of common support and coordination mechanism. The important form for constructing a new high-tech zone is to construct the Science & Technology Park. It focuses on promoting the park by "Seven Change", that is, knowledge, digital, business oriented, internationalization, ecology, easy living, and civilization. At the same time, in order to promote the construction of the Science & Technology Park, we should make a good job planning and construction of high-tech zones in the concept of modern city.â…¥:The Empirial Analyzing:Taking Cheng Du High-tech Industrial Development Zone for ExampleAnalyzing the construction and innovation development of China national high-tech industrial development zones under the three-dimensional visual angle, Take Cheng Du high-tech industrial zone for example,we can conclude in view of I dimension that Cheng Du high-tech industrial zone have formed the basic tendency of dominant industry cluster, however, the mechanism of the division of labor and coordination is very weak, enterprises sticking together are serious, the foreign-owned enterprises and domestic enterprises have low connection, the product-drive of industrial cluster is obvious but lack of innovation-drive, more in the low level of industrial value chains but less in the high level sectors and learning between individuals and enterprises obvious but weak in clusters. We also conclude in view of C dimension that Cheng Du high-tech industrial zone has formed innovation service system science technology enterprise incubators being the core and the services such as investment and finance, agency, information and public technology being the platform, however, the incubator system is still not sound, the innovative interacting network between main bodies is still incomplete, innovative environment need enhance, the development of innovative venture invest mechanism is lagged and agency services are undeveloped. Finally, we conclude in view of H dimension that Cheng Du high-tech industrial zone has made great progress on hard infrastructures but till has gaps in soft environment, has basically established management system accommodating to the market economy and the developing tendency of high-tech industry but degenerating inclination of system is very obvious, has adopted planning & construction models as function cent area and professional zone but the spatial layout of projects is very disorderly, has reversed the construction thinking such as land development and trade and investment promotion and expansion outward but the impulse of expansion outward is still strong. If we combine these factors into C-I-H, the development of Cheng Du high-tech industrial zone is still great in-coordination.â…¦,The Role of Government in the course of National High-tech Industrial Development Zones Improve Innovative Capability and Build an Innovative ParkFacing the historical task, national high-tech industrial development zones improve innovative capability with the "second pioneering" and build an innovative park. We also need a strong governmental push. The reason is the following parts:the positive externalities of innovative knowledge, the national interests of independent innovation, the characteristics of high-tech industries, and the conversion of high-tech zone's development path. Therefore, the way mechanism, and means of the government must occur an important change. The principles for the national high-tech industrial development zones to play the role of government, when they make the independent innovation and build an innovative park, is the principle of national strategic direction, the principle of making up for the market failure, the principle of respecting the property rights of creative and innovative activities selection, the principle of targeted, and the principle of multi-party participation. The director for the government to play the role should be the directors of innovation and development, the makers of innovation policy, the disposer of the innovation resource, the innovative platform builders, the guide of the innovation investment, the serving people in the innovation activities, and the participants in the innovation process. The system innovation for the government to promote the independent innovation and the innovative construction of the park mainly includes the improving macro-guidance and management, promoting national high-tech industrial development zones' legislation, building the regional co-governance model, creating VLSI triple helix mechanism, setting up the virtual construction of high-tech zones, and establishing the Innovation Relay. The policy options for the government to promote the independent innovation and the innovative construction of the park should include the policy gathering innovative resources to the national high-tech industrial development zones, the policy of fostering the development of innovative clusters, the policy of encouraging independent innovation and entrepreneurship, and the policy of promoting high-tech zone's intensive development.
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