| With development of information technology and aggravation of globalization, R&D of both new technology and products become faster and faster, life cycle of products are shorter, so the market competition gets more and more fierce. In this competitive market, continuous technological innovation is key to enterprises'survival and development. But in the knowledge economy era, enterprises can not just depend on their own R&D capability and R&D resources to research new technology, because it can not catch up with development of society, while they need to cooperate with other ones with strong R&D capability, share their advantages of resources and technologies to improve their technological R&D capability so that they can rapidly accelerate their development of new technology and products. Since 1980s, there has been more and more R&D activities among different enterprises, which has attracted many scholars'attention. They have studied those cooperations from mode, motivation, risk control of cooperative R&D alliance.Industrial organization model of cooperative R&D alliance can be divided into two types: one is horizontal and the other is vertical. The former mainly refers to R&D alliance among enterprises from the same industry, and its member enterprise cooperate with each other just for solving problems of generic technology, furthermore they still compete with each other for product market. While vertical R&D alliance mainly refers to the R&D alliance by the up-stream enterprises and down-stream enterprises on one same industrial chain. And relationships among its members usually are"supplier-manufacturer"or"supplier-dealer". Since d'Aspremont(1988) and Jacquemin and Kamien et al (1992) put forward two basic horizontal cooperative R&D models, scholars have studied cooperative R&D alliance among horizontal enterprises wildly and deeply from cost-sharing, organizational form, partner choice and risk control, etc. But many empirical studies on cooperative R&D reveal that 80% enterprises in manufacturing adopts vertical cooperative R&D alliance, which is stable and effective. Furthermore, theoretical studies on vertical cooperative R&D alliance are seldom.So this dissertation intends to establish theoretical model and analyze cooperative R&D strategies which enterprises of certain vertical cooperative R&D alliance adopt in order to optimize cooperative mechanism of vertical cooperative R&D alliance and also to help make their cooperative R&D more effective. It aims at providing theoretical reference for enterprises, universities, scientific research institutions, and scientific research managing department when they make their policies R&D strategies.There are main researches of this dissertation in the following:â‘ R&D strategies of two-stage industry chain on the condition of upstream perfect monopolyThis part mainly includes chapter three and chapter four.. Chapter three studies how cost-sharing ratio between upstream enterprise and downstream member enterprises influences upstream enterprise'R&D input, R&D results and also how it affects downstream enterprises'R&D attitudes. Chapter four studies how upstream enterprise's two pricing strategies and downstream enterprises'degree of product differentiation affect downstream enterprises'R&D investment and upstream enterprises and downstream enterprises'profit function respectively on the two-stage industry chain including one upstream enterprise and N downstream enterprises, when downstream enterprises work as R&D subjectsâ‘¡R&D strategies of two-stage industry chain on the condition of upstream oligopolyThis part includes chapter five. It studies one enterprise's cooperative R&D strategies on the two-stage industry chain including two upstream enterprises and N downstream enterprises, when it carries out its R&D. And this part also discusses influences which cost-sharing pattern between upstream enterprise and downstream member enterprises makes on size of R&D alliances, R&D results of upstream enterprises, cooperative attitude of downstream enterprises, and also on profit function of these four kinds of enterprises.â‘¢R&D strategies of three-stage industry chain on the condition of upstream oligopolyThis part mainly includes chapter six. It studies, R&D results of middle-stream enterprises and variation rule of upstream enterprises, middle-stream enterprises, and downstream enterprises on the third industry chain, which includes M upstream enterprises, one middle-stream enterprises N downstream enterprises, when middle-stream adopts independent R&D strategies and cooperative R&D strategies respectively.There are this dissertation's creative points of on cooperative R&D alliance theory :â‘ This dissertation extends Samiran Banerjee's and Ping Lin's research. As for two-stage industry chain including one upstream firm and N downstream firms, it discusses how upstream enterprises'pricing strategies and product differentiation degree affect downstream enterprises'R&D attitudes when the latter produce differentiated products, furthermore it studies the influences that upstream enterprises'cost-sharing ratio makes on downstream enterprises'cooperative attitude and size of cooperative alliances when upstream enterprises carry out their R&D.â‘¡This dissertation establishes a vertical cooperative R&D model of secondary industry chain including two upstream firm and N downstream firms, which studies how an upstream enterprise's cost-sharing strategies affect R&D results, cooperative R&D attitudes of upstream enterprises and downstream enterprises, and it also studies how these strategies affect size of cooperative R&D alliances.â‘¢A vertical cooperative R&D model of three-stage industry chain including M upstream firms, one mid-stream firm and N downstream firms is established. In this model, it studies how middle-stream enterprises'cost-sharing strategies influence cooperative R&D attitudes of upstream enterprises and downstream enterprises, and how they influence profits of the whole industry when middle-stream enterprises carry out technological R&D.
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