On Sustainable Development Of Tourism Cluster

In recent decades, economic globalization has brought profound changes in economic structure. Services industry is becoming an important growth engine, an important driving force of economic development source. Tourism industry has become the fastest-growing and the largest industry. During the last decade, China's tourism industry has gained rapid development also. As an important development model for regional tourism, tourism cluster will face superimposing influence by the unsustainability of tourism cluster and negative effect of tourist's activity. Especially for long-term fast developing tourism industry of China, its acceleration and durability are will be restricted by resource, ecology environment, society and economy.In the dissertation, the methods of integrating systematic analysis,normative analysis,positive analysis,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis.From the starting characteristics of tourism industry and the concept of industrial clusters the dissertation proposes the concept of tourism cluster, as well as the definition of sustainable development system of tourism clusters.Firstly, the organizational nature of sustainable development system of tourism cluster is the logical starting point and core for to research of sustainable development of tourism cluster. Combined with regional sustainable development theory, the sustainable development system of tourism cluster is constructed. The system includes subsystems of ecological environment, economic subsystem, social and cultural subsystems. The dissertation analysis the tourism cluster structural relationship between the three subsystems from the hierarchy and network perspectives and takes the tourism resources and tourism market, for example to demonstrate the mechanism between the various subsystems. After establishment of the triangular model of sustainable development of the tourism cluster system, the type of sustainable development system of tourism cluster is proposed.Secondly, formation and evolution of sustainable development system of tourism cluster is discussed in the thesis. These are analyzed both internal and external factors of the conditions for the formation of the tourism cluster. From the life-cycle theory of sustainable development in the tourism cluster system evolution stage was divided, and analyzed the characteristics of each stage. The dissertation discusses the mechanism of the system of sustainable development of tourism cluster evolution.Thirdly, the dissertation selected Yishui County and Qufu City as cases for empirical study and the questionnaire survey, field trips, social network analysis were done for human resources, corporate relations, networks, innovation, and ecology environment of each area. The dissertation evaluates the two cases with the triangle model and takes comparative study.Fourthly, the dissertation furthers the particularity of the sustainable development of the tourism cluster, analyses the risk which the tourism cluster may face is analyzed and proposes the paths of sustainable development of the tourism cluster.At last, the dissertation brings forward that compared with other industrial clusters the system of sustainable development of the tourism cluster is more comprehensive and complex. Not only greatly influenced by external environment, but also contradictory unity between tourism demands. Core tourist attraction is in diversity, resulting in a system of sustainable development of the tourism cluster development is multi-faceted. Also, through research found that innovation in sustainable development of tourism cluster is complex. With the regional tourism cluster, its sustainable development model replication difficult. Tourism cluster to achieve sustainable development not only depends on the coordinated development between the three subsystems, also depends on where the regional situation and regional development, sustainable development, and the stage. The study finds that the ecological environment, especially the tourism resources in laying the foundation for sustainable development of tourism cluster, but not the determining factor. Tourism product development process, the degree of consistency on the tourism demand, tourism products within the same region, the differences, ability to open up the tourism market, are affecting the realization of sustainable development of tourism clusters. In the process, the government often plays a very important role actor. The tourism development process of the formation of clusters, there are some uncertainties which are opportunities and potential dangers for the development of the tourism cluster. At the same time, tourism cluster is influenced by the risks of tourism industry.Based on the theory of regional sustainable development, the dissertation stands out the regional comprehensive and systematic characteristic of industry cluster study. The dissertation enriches related theory by discussing the interal mechanism for harmony development of ecological environment, social culture and economic and suming up some characteristics of the tourism cluster.