Study On The Formation Mechanism And Development Path Of Zhangjiakou Tourism Industry Cluster

In the context of the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Beijing-Zhangjiakou jointly holding the Winter Olympics,this paper takes the industrial associationtheory,industrial cluster theory and tourism centertheory as the theoretical basis,and makes a study on the formation mechanism and development path of Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster.This paper aims to make some contributions to carry out the construction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ecological function area,to promote the structural transformation of Zhangjiakoutourism industry and the upgrading development of its industrial clusters,to achieve the functional positioning of ecological conservation area,and to meettourists' diverse needs oftravel and leisure.The research can be divided into three parts: In the first part,it is about the theoretical analysis of industrial association,industrial cluster and tourism center.On the basis of studying the relevant literature about industrial association,industrial cluster and tourism industry cluster,this paper analyzes the influential factors,the determination method and type of the formation of tourism industry cluster and its evolution process,defining the tourism industry and its related industries,and the tourism industry cluster.This paper also briefly explains the industrial association theory,and industrial cluster theory,the distinctive characteristics of tourism industry cluster from the manufacturing industry,its organizational structure and cluster effect,the tourism center theory,and so on.These theories provide a theoretical support for this research.The second part analyzes the formation mechanism and structural characteristics of Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster.A theoretical analysis of the formation of Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster from the four perspectives of resource conditions,industrial bases,formation mechanism and structural characteristics.An analysis of the resource conditions for the cluster formation in relation to the diversity and high quality of tourism resources,aggregation of spatial distribution,and complementation of various tourism new forms is also made.In addition,it makes an analysis of the industrial basis of the cluster formation from three aspects of tourism service reception,travel agency industry,and tourism transportation.This paper also explores the formation mechanism of Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster from the four aspects of the spatial distribution of tourism resources,the high dependence of each tourism industrial aspects,the pursuit of scale economy for tourism enterprises and the collaborative innovation.It is concluded that Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster possesses a “multi-core” development model,and then the location entropy method is used to calculate the location entropy of Zhangjiakou tourism output area to verify the above theoretical analysis results in order to confirm that Zhangjiakou has actually formed a tourism industry cluster.Last,the operation condition is analyzed from the three aspects of the number of tourist reception,tourism revenue and tourism per capita consumption.In the third part,the constraints in the development of Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster are explored and an upgrading path design is put forward.Aiming at the constraints in the development of Zhangjiakou tourism industry cluster,a upgrading development path is put forward,including the optimization of the three-dimensional tourism transportation network,the development of the tourism center with a three-level sequence,the design of a qualified tourist route network,and the construction of a regional integrated marketing platform.