| Innovation has become a key indicator of national and regional competitiveness and a critical component for national and regional economies to maintain their sustained development and dominances. Enhancing its independent innovation capability and constructing an innovative country is China's long term important target and strategy for modernization. However, many areas in China are weak at technical innovation and innovation contributes little to economic growth. In the long run, persistently enhancing innovation capability should be the first choice of various regional economic progresses and even the prime solutions of regions and countries to enhance their competitiveness.This thesis takes the innovation capabilities, differences and their effects as its research objects. It takes the normative and empirical analysis research as its methodology which combines qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis and pursues formal, scientific, reasonably conclusive and creditable research. The thesis comprehensively uses knowledge and methodologies of various disciplines, takes subjects or branches of development economics, institutional economics, innovative economics, system science, human capital theory and statistics as its analytical instrument and measures, then scientifically analyzes the technology innovation capabilities, gaps, and the reasons of these gaps of different regions of China and gives pertinent and instructional strategies. The paper includes eight chapters. The first chapter is Introduction. The second chapter is General Introduction to Regional Technology Innovation Capability. The third chapter is Regional Technology Innovation-Procedure and Capability. The fourth chapter is Technology Innovation Capability Gaps among Chinese Regions. The fifth chapter is The Correlation of Human Capital and Regional Technology Innovation Capabilities. The sixth chapter is The Correlation of Economic Development Stages and Regional Technology Innovation Capabilities. The Seventh chapter is The Correlation of System and Regional Technology Innovation Capabilities, and the last chapter is Conclusions and Expectations.The main conclusions of this research are as follows:1. The different provinces, cities and autonomies have great gaps in technology innovation capabilities. The gaps stratify to be three levels. First level: Beijing, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Guangdong; the second level: Zhejiang, Shandong, Tianjin and Liaoning; other regions are in the third level. In terms of capability factors, the most effective factor of technology innovation capabilities is the absorbing capability of technology innovation expansion; the next is the output capability of technology innovation; and the last is the input capability of technology innovation. The root causes of the gaps of technology innovation capabilities are gaps of human capital conditions, economic development level and system environments.2. The human capital levels in different regions have large gaps. The regions with ample human capital are Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu Shandong and Shanghai. The regions with less ample human capital regions are Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Hainan, Tibet and other developing regions. The gap of human capital stock is the important reason for regional technology innovation capabilities. In areas of technology innovation supporting, input, output, expansion and industrialization capabilities, the regions like Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong and Shanghai with ample human capital have advantages but the regions like Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Hainan, Tibet and other regions are relatively fall behind. For western regions with insufficient human capital, they should strive to develop formal education, enhance the cultivation of higher educates, ensure the improvement of human resource structure, build systems attracting assets, construct good innovation environment and encourage multinational company to invest and train their employees in western regions.3. Regional economic development level and technology innovation capability are highly correlated. Economic development level and stage are important reasons for the gaps of regional technology innovation capabilities. The highly developed eastern provinces, cities and regions like Shanghai, Guangdong, Beijing, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang are also competitive in technology innovation supporting, input, output, absorbing expansion and industrialization capabilities, while the developing western provinces including Gansu, Yunnan, Guangxi, Xizang, Guizhou and Hainan, etc. are relatively weak at technology innovation capabilities in every aspects. As for the western provinces with poor technology innovation capabilities, they should practically, stably and steadily improve their technology innovation capabilities, and take effective technology development strategy, solution and modes according to their existing development fundamentals and different circumstances.4. The system completeness and technology innovation capability distribution in different regions of China have some consistency. The regions with relatively completed system have strong technology innovation capabilities and the regions with uncompleted system are weak at technology innovation capabilities. The completeness of system contributes supports to technology innovation capabilities and the gaps of system completeness are critical reasons for the gaps of technology innovation capabilities, especially for the different regional technology industrialization capabilities. To truly complete China's regional technology innovation systems and their capabilities, it requires the completeness of the rudimentary market system, intellectual property system, and an innovation-based competitive market. At the same time, it calls for active financial encouragement, tax preference, adventure investment and government procurement to support innovation. Besides, it needs to positively investigate the innovation-benefited system of ethics and culture.The creative points of this research are as below:First, with the concept of system, the research analyzes the mechanism of boosting technology innovation and comes up with three basic mechanisms: dynamic mechanism, expansion mechanism and interdependent mechanism and then analyzes the effect factors, functions and connections of these three mechanisms.The second creative point is that basing on the research on S.Klein and N. Rosenberg's Chain-Linked Model and Peter L. Josty's innovation process model, the thesis recognizes the multifactor and multidimension and various routes of innovation process, creatively brings forward the Regional Technology Innovation Process Model, promoting our cognitions of regional technology innovation process to a new level.The third creative point is bringing forward the most mechanisms including interactive learning, knowledge production, proximity and social embeddedness. Moreover, it analyzed the key supporting conditions for pushing the mechanism operation, i.e. system, human capital and economic and technology development situation.The fourth is that the thesis, from the angle of regional technology innovation process, creatively analyzes the structural levels of regional technology innovation capabilities, i.e. supporting, input, output, expansion and technology industrialization capabilities and scientifically and rationally picks relevant proxy indicators to make quantitative measurements with indicator assessment methods and cluster analysis methods like standardization, coefficient variation, Gini index, concentration ratio, etc., assorting the technology innovation capabilities of regions in China. The fifth is that the thesis dissociates the factors deciding the different regional technology innovation capabilities and creatively concluded that the root causes of the gaps of regional technology innovation capabilities in China are the gaps of regional economic development level, human capital situation and system circumstances.The sixth is to use comparative analysis, Mann-Whitney U Test, scatterplots and other methods to do empirical research on the specific influences of regional economic development level, human capital condition and system environment to technology innovation capabilities and proposed original and pointed suggestions.
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