Systematic Study On The Gryllidae From China (Orthoptera: Grylloidea)

This is a systematic study on the Gryllidae from China dealing with morphology, taxonomy, geographic distribution and phylogeny. The research history of Gryllidae is briefly reviewed worldwide and domestically; the taxonomical characters and terms are outlined with introduction to use them; the materials and methods as well as distributions in China are introduced. Moreover, the phylogeny of Gryllidae based on the morphological characteristics is reconstructed.In this thesis, 203 species of 62 genera of Chinese crickets are studied, of which 11 species are new to science; two genera and two species are first records to China; one new generic synonym, two new species synonym and four new combinations are proposed. Keys to genera and species are provided. The body and male genitalia of all the new species and most known species are photographed.All the specimens studied are from the Northwest A&F University (NWAFU), and Shanghai Entomological Museum, C. A. S. (SEM), Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hebei University (HBU), East China Normal University (ECNU) and Yangtze University (YTU).The new species, new records to Chinese fauna, new synonyms and the new combinations are listed as follows.New species: Cardiodactylus hainanensis Ma & Zhang, Gymnogryllus dolichodens Ma & Zhang, Gymnogryllus extrarius Ma & Zhang, Gymnogryllus yunnanensis Ma & Zhang, Gymnogryllus striatus Ma & Zhang, Gymnogryllus longus Ma & Zhang, Gymnogryllus tumidulus Ma & Zhang, Tartarogryllus xinjiangensis, Duolandrevus yunnanensis, Mistshenkoana hainanensis, Xabea sinica, spp. nov.New record genera to China: Mistshenkoana Gorochov, n. rec. and Zamunda Gorochov, n. rec..New record species to China: Comidoblemmus rehni (Chopard), n. rec. and Euscyrtodes quadripunctatus (Ingrisch), n. rec..New synonyms: Qingryllus Chen & Zheng, n. syn. (=Goniogryllus Chopard), Turanogryllus melasinotus Li & Zheng , n. syn. (=Turanogryllus eous Bei-Bienko), and Oecanthus latipennis Liu et al. , n. syn. (=Oecanthus pellucens (Scopoli)).New combinations: Goniogryllus striofemorus (Chen & Zheng), n. comb., Vescelia liangi (Xie & Zheng), n. comb., Comidoblemmus rehni (Chopard), n. comb. and Euscyrtodes quadripunctatus (Ingrisch), n. comb..The phylogenetic analysis is conducted on 49 taxa of Chinese crickets using Paup4.0b10, and the results are as follows: 1) Nemobiinae is the most primitive subfamily of the group, which is very close to the outgroup; 2) the topological structure supports to reuse omitted tribe of Gymnogryllini; 3) the genera Goniogryllus and Qingryllus are close to the tribe of Gymnogryllini and this structure supports the combination of genera Goniogryllus and Qingryllus; 4) Subfamily Pentacentrinae would be polyphyly, and need to be further studied in the future; 5) Genera Parapentacentrus and Itara are close to each other and their relationship needs more work.The faunistic analysis on Chinese crickets reveals: 1) the most subfamily, genera and species are distributed in Oriental region; 2) in China, numerous cricket species are distributed in south China and it has the highest species richness there, and central and southwest China are slightly lower than south China; 3) the influence of temperature on cricket distribution is great, which shows negative correlates to geographical latitude and altitude on species richness; 4) there is diffusion phenomena of crickets from Oriental and Paleartic Regions.Type specimens are deposited respectively in the Entomological Museum of Northwest A&F University (NWAFU), Shanghai Entomological Museum, C. A. S. (SEM) and Hebei University (HBU).