Study On The Problem Of Shaanxi Agricultural Wastes Resource Utilization

With the modernization of agriculture and development of urbanization, the annualproductions of straw and livestock manure are in linear growth since China is one of thebiggest agricultural countries in the world. The random agricultural straw burning andlivestock excrement discharging has caused serious environmental pollution, and the wasteagricultural residue and livestock excrement has become an important source of agriculturalnonpoint source pollution consequently. In view of chemistry, straw and manure are valuableraw material resources due to the rich in nutrients, and carrying out the agricultural wasteutilization was considered to be an important step in environmental protection, energyconservation and agricultural sustainable development. Shaanxi is a traditional agriculturalprovince in China with considerable amounts of animal breeding and food crops; theagricultural waste disposal was also an important aspect during the modernization andurbanization processing. Although the agricultural waste utilization was widely studied.However, the agricultural waste’s resources characteristics, the present situation and influencefactor of agricultural waste utilization, and the technology of agricultural waste utilization andits social economic benefits in Shaanxi were still kept unknown due to the limitedinvestigations could be found in the literatures. And fewer studies are conducted from thepoint of environmental sociology. Therefore, in this study the agricultural waste’s resourcescharacteristics and potential, the present utilization situation and the influence factors ofagricultural waste utilization, and its social economic benefits in Shaanxi were investigatedthrough literature and statistics analysis, laboratory experiments, field survey, and geographicinformation analysis methods by selecting agricultural residue and animal waste as the mainagricultural waste resources. The objects of this study were to understand the potentialenvironmental risk of agricultural waste discharging, to evaluate the agricultural wasteresources utilization potential, to declare the present disposal situation and utilizationinfluencing factors, and to put forward some valuable policy suggestions for the agriculturalwaste disposal and utilization during the modernization and urbanization processing ofShaanxi province. And the following chapters and results mainly conducted this study out.1. The potential environmental risk of agricultural waste discharging in Shannxi wasevaluated by estimating the agricultural straw and animal waste resources amounts, analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution. And the results showed that the agricultural straw andanimal waste had considerable resources potential in Shannxi province. The yield ofagricultural straw in1978~2009and the animal waste amount in2005~2009were increasingsteadily. The amount of agricultural straw and animal waste in2009reached1.68X107tons,and6.17X107tons, respectively. The distributions of the agricultural waste in the Central,the Southern and the Northern Shannxi were significantly different. The random abandon andunreasonable utilization of the agricultural straw and the animal waste would increase the airpollution and soil heavy metal contamination. The scientific utilization of the agriculturalresidue in Shannxi Province is urgently needed.2. The agricultural waste resources utilization methods, benefits and developing in thetraditional and modern agronomic process were analyzed by comparison study. And theresults indicated that many of the agricultural waste were utilized in the traditionalagricultural practice although the utilization efficiency was low; while in the modernagronomic process, the small-scale agricultural waste recourse utilization could not afford therapidly agricultural waste producing. The technique, cost and benefits of the higher reuseefficiency and larger-scale agricultural waste recourse utilization method were still the mainproblems need to be solved in the modern agronomic process with the rapid agricultural wasteproducing.3. Factors affected Shannxi province agricultural waste resource utilization wasdiscussed. These factors include the higher cost of the, the key technology innovation, theenthusiasm and environmental protection awareness of the farmer in the agricultural wasteresource utilization process, and the problems in the establishment of the agricultural wasteresource utilization market at present.4. To explore the influence factors on the farmer’s agricultural waste recycle usebehavior, some investigation were conducted on the mechanism and factors effect theagricultural waste resource utilization in the view of farmers by using practical researchmethods and theoretical analysis. The results implicated that agricultural waste utilizationmethod and efficiency were remarkably affected by the local natural geographicalenvironment, encourage policy, population density, as well as the industry and agriculturedevelopment, and so on.5. The related agricultural waste utilization policy was deeply discussed, and somevaluable policy suggestion on the agricultural waste utilization in Shannxi province wasprovided.To do this research, it would be helpful to expand the scope of the environmentalsociology research, to understand the agricultural waste resources current utilization situation and existing problems, and to provide related policy in agricultural waste resources utilizationfor Shannxi province. And, the research result will have more extent significance to theagricultural waste utilization in the west region China.