Analysis Of Resource Utilization Status And Influencing Factors Of Crop Straw And Livestock Manure In Jingyu County

Crop straw and livestock manure are common biomass residues in agricultural production processes,which have great potential for utilization.Improper utilization will cause resource waste,even lead to agricultural non-point source pollution and ecological damage.Jingyu County is located in the hinterland of Changbai Mountain,which is not suitable for intensive planting,and the development of cultivation and breeding industry is relatively traditional.It is of practical significance to study the breeding structure,the total amount and utilization of resources in Jingyu County to improve the rural living environment and promote the comprehensive utilization of nutrient resources.This paper uses a combination of statistical analysis,on-site investigation and questionnaire survey to analyze resource utilization status and influencing factors of crop straw and livestock manure in Jingyu County.Put forward reasonable suggestions for improving resource utilization efficiency and enhancing farmers’ willingness to use them.The findings are as follows:(1)In 2021,the total amount of main crop straw in Jingyu County is 10800 tons,the total amount of straw that can be collected is 8900 tons,the theoretical replacement rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 57.25%,37.04% and 158.06%,and the potential of biogas production is 34,885,500 m3,equivalent to 24,908.25 tons of standard coal.The total amount of main livestock and poultry manure was 237,100 tons,the total amount of collected manure was 125,600 tons,the theoretical replacement rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was 7.38%,10.22% and 9.71%,and the biogas production potential was5,643,600 m3,equivalent to 4,029.53 tons of standard coal.(2)The main straw utilization methods in Jingyu County were fertilizer conversion,feed conversion and fuel conversion,accounting for 1.30%,68.83% and 14.93%,respectively.The utilization of raw material and base material accounted for 1.95%,and the non-utilization accounted for 12.99%.The proportion of green and yellow straw storage in feed utilization was6.6%,and the proportion of over-belly returning to the field was 90.57%.The main way to use livestock and poultry manure was to return manure to the field,which accounted for 98.72%,39.74% for compost and 58.97% for direct return to the field.The proportion of pig manure composting was the highest(100%)and that of sheep manure composting was the lowest(10.53%).(3)The analysis of confounding factors of binary logistic regression showed that six factors:age,participation in professional cooperatives,perception of the harm of agricultural waste to the environment,government supervision of agricultural waste disposal,government publicity,and policy subsidy support had a significant impact on the probability of farmers participating in the resource utilization of crop straw and livestock manure.In conclusion,the comprehensive utilization rate of straw in Jingyu County is high,but the form is shallow and the utilization way is single.The breeding industry is mainly small and medium-sized retail breeding.There is unreasonable utilization of fecal resources,which causes potential harm to the environment and health.The supporting facilities for fecal waste treatment are generally simple,and the promotion of new fecal waste treatment equipment and technology is low.Due to terrain characteristics,land size and other factors,large-scale mechanized production is not applicable in Jingyu County,and artificial or semi-artificial tillage is mostly adopted.It is difficult to implement deep sowing and deep ploughing.In recent years,the breeding industry has developed rapidly,and the forage grass demand has increased year by year.Therefore,it is recommended that Jingyu County adopt a utilization model of "combining feed and non feed conversion of straw,and combining manure and fertilizer conversion with fuel conversion".Corn straw accounts for a large proportion and yields a large amount,part of which is used to explore suitable direct straw return methods,and part of which gives full play to the feed advantages of cattle and sheep.Part of the non-feed straw is used for straw manure mixed with aerobic compost,and part is used to explore a new model of rural household biogas of "centralized production-decentralized use".Promote manure treatment technology,a large number of cattle and sheep manure are used for returning to the field,and free-range pig and poultry manure is scattered and returned to the field.Large-scale breeding of pig and poultry manure is used to explore the fuel path of biogas fermentation.Give full play to the leading role of agricultural cooperatives and leading enterprises,increase government supervision over resource disposal,guide farmers to carry out the evaluation of straw leaving the field and manure removal,introduce policies to encourage farmers to purchase planting and breeding equipment,to achieve the purpose of improving the resource utilization of crop straw and livestock manure.