Study On Watershed Water Related Eco-compensation Of Restoration-type

At present, the ecological environment situation of most watersheds in China is bad, as the result of the economic and social rapid development and over-use of water resources. The state limits the expression of water ecosystem service function. To promote the sustainable development of the socioeconomic and ecological environment, and to achieve the harmony between human beings and nature, we should apply ecological restoration methods to hold back the destruction of water related ecosystems from the level of watershed governance and economic compensation. The thesis relies on the National Natural Science Foundation project "Ecological Compensation Theory, Method and Realization Mechanism Study", and gives the systematic research on theoretical system, compensation standard and implementation mechanism of watershed water related eco-compensation of restoration. The thesis gives eco-compensation standard calculation method and implementation key point taking the Yongding River basin as the study area.The thesis elaborates the type and characteristics of watershed water ecological destruction from the level of water resources development and utilization evaluation. Combining the existing theoretical results and successful experience, the thesis analyzes the theoretical system of ecological compensation in-depth to form the perfect theoretical system of watershed water related eco-compensation of restoration.The thesis gives the water eco-compensation classification standards and calculation method based on the theory of value transfer, social equity and cooperative game.(1) On the basis of distinguishing the impact degree to watershed water resources development and utilization between nature and human factors, the thesis present the watershed compensation standard calculation framework according to the indiscerptible attribute of water quantity and quality.(2) Taking social equity restrain mechanism for the optimal water quantity distribution process of water user alliance as the foundation, an optimal decision process of water quantity equitable distribution based on parameter interval optimal and game theory inside watershed is provided.(3) Establishing cost standard should be considered as the ultimate goal or target value indicating a negligible risk of adverse effects on use of the water and on the ecological functions of waters. The thesis supplied the pollutant discharge-treatment trade-off curve to establish the total treatment cost by containing pollutant discharge permits trading and water quality requirements for uses of the relevant water environment.(4) The thesis gives the study method of agro-ecological compensation standard based on the conversion between emergy and value.Next, the thesis supplies Yongding River Basin benefit compensation standard by considering ecosystem species and habitats diversity, water body function differentiation from river, forest and wetland system.The thesis present evaluation method of watershed water ecological restoration priority, by considering the natural resources, eco-environment, and socioeconomic factors, also elaborates the implementation mechanism of watershed water related eco-compensation. The thesis gives the theoretical framework and quantitative evaluating method to judge the priority of water ecological restoration from the level of system theory. Connecting the different situations of ecological governance, the program of determining watershed ecological restoration priority is given. The thesis generated ERP and PES platform from the view of science and practice, to solve the complex problems from the level of cooperation. To improve people’s WTP to protect ecology, the thesis chose typical areas, studying people’s WTP and the payment amount under3different circumstances. Considering from the major impact factors of watershed governance, the thesis generates feedback mechanism implementation framework based on compensation funds use, policy implementation, and supervision of agricultural nonpoint source pollution.The thesis gives eco-compensation standard calculation method and implementation key point taking the Yongding River basin as the study area. The thesis elaborates the theoretical basis and analysis method of watershed water related eco-compensation, as well as determines the output amount of contaminants, watershed water ecological services value and protection/restoration cost. To realize the equilibrium development of different regions in the watershed, combining integrated BMP strategies and system optimization theory, the thesis develops a general system to assess the mechanism of Yongding River basin water related eco-compensation implementation and feedback.