| The functions of reservoirs not only manifest on comprehensive utilization, but present the tendency of basined and eco-environmental while the development of cascade waterpower and the perfecting of unified management for water resources, then the problems in unified opertation of cascade system, such as compensation benefit calculation and its allocation are imperatively to resolved, however, the theories and methods in being can not meet the practice need, the Longyangxia and Liujiaxia Reservoir has been taken as demonstration for research on the mechanisms of reservoirs compensation benefits, environment compensation benefits, reservoirs ecologic compensation benefits, and ice-jam preventing compensation benefits in this thesis, maybe, the result has significant theoretical and applied value. The main achievements of the study are as follows:(1) Research on the compensation benefits mechanism of reservoir. Based on the effects which the regulation reservoir acts on value of water resources, the mechanism of reservoirs compensation benefits is revealed: worked by the dam, the water resources value is changed by reservoir, reservoirs compensation benefits is generated by the directly or indirectly ultilization of value-changed flow while the investment is unchanged, and the changed part is the exterior chang of the reservoir acts on value of water resources, it is that the reservoir compensation benefits come into being.(2) Research on the reservoir environment compensation benefits. The reservoirs compensation benefits for environment are mainly including reservoirs compensation benefits for atmospheric environment, river water quality and environment resources, then, the corresponding definition and calculation method are put forward. Moreover, the cost model for atmospheric environment compensation benefits was set up, the trend of atmospheric environment compensation benefits of Longyangxia Reservoir have increased after the first decrease trend which of Liujiaxia Reservoir is reduced over time have been gotten. The new dilution Ratio is proposed and the calculation method of compensation benefits is used in the relative water environment of Longyangxia and Liujiaxia Reservoir in 2003. The reservoirs environment resource compensation benefits mainly includes environment of land, tourism environment of natural and cultural landscape, environment of man-made wetland compensation benefits. The environment recourses compensation benefits of Longyangxia and Liujiaxia Reservoir is calculated in the paper.(3) research on the ecology compensation benefits. Ecology compensation benefits of reservoir include river-out and river-in ecology compensation benefits. The river-out one includes ecology compensation benefits of water supplement for lake, wetland and neighboring rivers. The river-in one includes ecology compensation benefits of basic ecological flow in non-flood season, water supplement for ceased flow, transmission of sediment in flood season. The definition and calculation method of compensation benefits are put forward in the paper. Based on the willingness to pay method of ecosystem service system, the river-out ecology compensation benefits of Xiaolangdi reservoir in 2006 are researched. The preventing ceased flow compensation benefits dynamic characteristic and ecology compensation benefits for Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach of Longyangxia and Liujiaxia Reservoir are researched on the result of cascade reservoirs compensation regulation. The positive criterion and the calculation method of ecology flood compensation benefit are put forward based on the main ecology function of the flood shaping the river and affording environments for biology in the sediment river.(4) research on the preventing ice jams compensation benefits. The impact of the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach ice jam characters by Long-Liu Reservoirs joint operation is discovered by the ice hydraulics theory. It has drawn a conclusion that the cause of the new ice regime is that the Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach fill up because of Long-Liu Reservoirs joint operation on the theory. It is pointed out that the water and sediment adjustment is one of the key measures for preventing ice jam and settling the new ice regime. The definition and calculation method of control ice jams compensation benefits are put forward in the paper. It indicates that the ice jam preventing minimum compensation benefits of Daliushu reservoir including the compensation benefits of eliminating ice jam disaster in Ningmeng river reaches, the compensation benefits of improving ice jam preventing standard of Ningmeng river reaches, the compensation benefits of compensating upper, reaches cascade reservoirs electricity generation, and that of compensating Liujiaxia Reservoir down reaches water using.
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