The Post Occupancy Evaluation And Design Study On Newly-built Comprehensive Theatres In China

Materialist dialectics holds that everything in the world is antagonistic contradictionsidentities. Science and art constitutes the contradictory unity of architecture. They areinterdependent, interpenetration and interconnected. The development of science providesmore possibilities for artistic performance. And the demand of art promotes the progress ofscience to a certain extent. Meanwhile, they are mutually exclusive and struggling. Whetherarchitecture belongs to the field of science or art is the topic that people has been arguing.Various architectural ideals and architectural genre also reflects their obvious scientific orartistic tendency. The development of architecture in thousands of years is the process ofscientificity and artistry alternately dominant. The struggle of them promotes the developmentof architecture itself in turn.At present, since the modernist architecture is gradually fading at the end of last century,the tendency of architectural artistry gradually began to prevail. In architectural creation,architects pay more attention on the shaping of architectural features. They are trying toexpress the thought of popular architectural aesthetics through the composition, torsion andincline of the shape. As the focus of urban construction and landmark building of the city, theartistic tendencies of theatre are more obvious. Various grandstanding and unconventionaltheatre appearance become the main content and target of the theatres’ design.However, as the functional buildings, the essence of theatre is serving people’s activitiesof performance. The behavioral tendencies and psysiological needs of audiences and actors,the users of the theatres, is an important issue that architects should not overlook when they’redoing their theater design. Architectural artistic tendencies make architects pay more attentionto the appearance of the theatre building. But sometimes they neglect the real users. And itresults in the inadaptability of the theatre to the needs of the users. As a new subject ofarchitecture, post occupancy evaluation of architecture starts off the actual needs of users.Based on the environmental behavior and environmental psychology, we explore the state ofthe buildings in the actual use with sociology and statistics means. And we summarize thearchitectural design recommendations and guidelines that meet the practical requirements.The research of theatres’ P.O.E has the interdisciplinary and comprehensive feature. And it combines the different objective and subjective factors and the quantitative and qualitativemethod. Also, it draws on the traditional way and content of architectural research and themeans of objective evaluation of sociology, so it makes the research more scientific andobjective. There are many types of theatre. And the comprehensive and large andmedium-sized theatre, the mainstream of the current theater construction in China, is theresearch object of this paper. The article’s research aims at the objective and subjectivedemand of the audiences and actors in theatres. Then it tries to find out the problems oftheatre construction and design, and it analyses and summarizes its origins and improvedmethods. On the basis of this, the article puts forward the evaluation index system, designpatterns and architectural design guidelines of theatre.To put it briefly, the post occupancy evaluation on newly-built comprehensive theatreand the research process of design theory of this article mainly includes the following fourparts:The first part of the study is to ascertain the research framework and method. First of all,it expounds the reason, the social background and the academic background of the study andanalyses the theory system and characteristics of the relative key discipline. Then it confirmsthe research’s method, orientation and technical route and makes sure the scope, strategies andsignificance of the study. On the base, we complete the preparatory work of the study anddetermine the host-guest, evaluation methods and evaluation purport of the post occupancyevaluation. The second part is a comprehensive evaluation and it focuses on exploring thetheatre environment cognition of the audiences and actors. The study includes twoparts--satisfaction evaluation and amenity evaluation. And both of them examine the users’dominant and recessive demand for theatre buildings. The third part is focus evaluation and itcarefully considers the frequency of use and importance of the theatre space. With the usagemode evaluation of lounge space and tiring-room and the audience hall subjective preferenceevaluation for purport, it discusses several key technical problems of our modern theatre andgets the universal evaluation conclusion. The fourth part is the summary and includes threeaspects. The first is a summary of the comprehensive evaluation findings and the evaluationindex set put forward of the modern comprehensive theatre building in China. The second isto propose the space design pattern language of theatre which adapts to the current theatre operations and the play activities, according to the problem found in the research, its causeand the exploration of the solution. The third is to make the results of the study systemic, clearand as rules and to put forward the recommendations and guiding principles of the theatrearchitectural design.In this paper, based on the post occupancy evaluation method and the theatre users’subjective feeling and environmental experience, the evaluation factor set, design patternlanguage and guidelines of our modern comprehensive theatre building are relatively fullydiscussed. And this is a complement and extends to our poor architectural design theory oftheatre and has important academic significance and practical significance.