Research On The Residential Thermal Environment Based On The Planning Factors

Proper outdoor thermal environment is vital for the health and the lifequality of residents. The present design guide of the thermal environmentusually puts the focus on the local environment and lacks the ability to optimizethe integrated residential thermal environment by utilizing the common planningfactors. Due to this disadvantage, the present design guide can hardly achievethe design target of the residential thermal environment set by the currentstandards. To fill the gap between the design guide and the standard ofresidential thermal environment, this thesis conducted a series of researches onthe residential thermal environment based on the common residential planningfactors.Firstly, measurements of the multi-scale experiment on the thermalenvironment reveal that the inner factor of residential area and the externalfactor closing to the residential area are of the major importance for the thermalenvironment. Based on this, SPOTE (Simulation Platform of ThermalEnvironment) is chosen as the simulation platform for the numerical research ofthe planning parameters and factors. Besides, concerning the model of theresidential area to be studied, survey of the newly built residential area inBeijing indicates that the slab-type and tower-type apartment are the mostcommon types of residence in China. Hence residential areas consisting of thesetwo types are chosen to be studied.Concerning the two typical residential areas, situation of airflow, solarradiation absorbed by ground and atmospheric temperature are studied bysimulation to indicate their effects on thermal environment. Results shows thatairflow and the solar radiation have significant impacts on the residentialthermal environment. Simulation also shows that thermal environment issensitive to the wind direction in slab-type residential area,while the sensitivityin the tower-type residential area is less notable. Afterwards, correlation is setup between the indicator of thermal environment and the common planning factors of the constructive detailed planning. Researches indicate that increaseof buildings’ height, improvement of the underlaying surfaces and a properarrangement of trees are good approaches in constructive detailed planning toimprove the thermal environment. Also, for the regulatory detailed planning,common planning parameters are studied on their relationship to the residentialthermal environment. According to the research, building coverage ratio ofresidential area has a slight effect on the thermal environment. Floor area ratiohas no corresponding relationship with the indicator of thermal environment.Simulation study on the neighborhood environment indicates that their effectson the slab-type residential area is significant within the area of0to200metersclosing to the neighborhood. This distance for the tower-type residential area isapproximately225meters. Optimization of the nearby upwind environment byutilizing trees or water can relatively improve the residential thermalenvironment.Based on the conclusion of these researches, a design guide for the residentialthermal environment is proposed. This guide shows good performance in its utilizationon a practical project and would hopefully be an effective instruction in the furtherdesign of residential thermal environment.